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HG/D SG FLCDS > CH 11 SG > Flashcards

CH 11 SG Flashcards

1
Q

Impaired aging

A

referring to someone who has
more physical challenge and disease than others of the same age

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2
Q

Ageism

A

PREJUDICE WHEREBY PEOPLE ARE CATEGORIZED AND JUDGED JUST ON THE BASIS OF THEIR CHRONOLOGICAL AGE
• ELDERLY
• TEENS

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3
Q

Categories that distinguish late adults

A

YOUNG-OLD, OLD-OLD, and OLDEST-OLD

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4
Q

The factors involved in successful aging / the difference in life expectancy of males / females in the U.S.

A

Women - 81.2 years / Men - 74.8 years the process of growing old & positive mental outlook, strong social connections, good cognitive function, and a sense of purpose in life, essentially achieving a balance between gains and losses as one ages (U.S. LIFE EXPECTANCY—76.1YRS)

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5
Q

Better than average effect / the role attitude plays in aging

A

Older people are most likely to estimate that own functioning is better than the average older person (MENTAL ATTITUDE PLAYS A ROLE)
• OPTIMISM VS PESSIMISM

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6
Q

The physical aspects of aging

A

CONTINUING DECLINE OF
• BODY SYSTEMS
• SENSORY SYSTEMS
Physical disorders (ARTHRITIS / HYPERTENSION)

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7
Q

Consequences / prevention of falls

A

LEADING CAUSE OF FATAL & NONFATAL
INJURIES
-MOST COMMON CAUSE OF TRAUMATIC
BRAIN INJURY
-FRACTURES

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8
Q

Hayflick limit

A

the biological concept that normal human cells can only divide a limited number of times before reaching senescence

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9
Q

Memory issues in older adults

A

SOME ASPECTS OF MEMORY DECLINE MORE THAN OTHERS
• NAMES

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10
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

(A TYPE OF DEMENTIA) 1905 FIRST CASE
BRAIN DISEASE
• BUILD UP OF BETA AMYLOID
• PLAQUES & TANGLES
• NERVE CELLS DIE
• ACETYLCHOLINE

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11
Q

Depression, its predictors and treatment in older adults

A

• POOR HEALTH (STRONGEST PREDICTOR)
• DISABILITY
• EARLIER DEPRESSIVE EPISODES
• LOSS EVENTS (E.G., DEATH)
• LOW SOCIAL SUPPORT
COMBINATION OF MEDICATION & THERAPY (80% GO UNTREATED)

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12
Q

Positivity effect

A

OLDER ADULTS TEND TO THINK ABOUT POSITIVE MEMORIES & PERCEPTIONS MORE THAN YOUNGER ADULTS

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13
Q

Positives / negatives of retirement

A

DEPENDS ON
• MINDSET
• FINANCES
IMPORTANT PREDICTORS OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN RETIREMENT
• HEALTH
• FINANCES
• CHOICE TO RETIRE OR NOT

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14
Q

Continuity theory

A

the idea that people tend to maintain a consistent sense of self and personality throughout their lives, adapting to changes by drawing on their past experiences and behaviors

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15
Q

Social relationships in late adulthood

A

People tend to reprioritize their lives as they age
• Paring down social contacts
• Spending more time with those closest to us
• Maximizing positive experiences
(EVERYONE NEEDS A FRIEND! / QUALITY OF FRIENDSHIPS ARE CRUCIAL)

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16
Q

The housing options for individuals

A

INDEPENDENT LIVING (AGING IN PLACE), MULTIGENERATIONAL HOMES, ASSISTED LIVING, LONG TERM CARE FACILITIES, CONTINUING-CARE RETIRMENT

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17
Q

Frail elderly

A

OLDER ADULTS WHO ARE PHYSICALLY
INFIRM, VERY ILL, OR COGNITIVELY
DISABLED -

18
Q

Historic racism

A

historically marginalized groups who have experienced a lifetime of racism then become older, they experience the added injustice of ageism as well

19
Q

Primary aging

A

(SENESCENCE) GRADUAL PHYSICAL DECLINE RELATED TO AGING
-ALL BODY PARTS
-RATE IS VARIABLE
SLOW DECLINE
-LATE 30s-EARLY 40s START TO SEE SOME SIGNS

20
Q

Secondary aging

A

AGE RELATED CHANGES DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES, POOR HEALTH HABITS, OR DISEASE

21
Q

Elderspeak

A

a style of communication used with older adults that is often patronizing and overly simplified, characterized by features like exaggerated intonation, repetitive language, and childish terms

22
Q

Chronic illnesses

A

can have a significant psychological impact on people, and can lead to psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression

23
Q

Free Radical Theory

A

A lot of cellular damage caused by unstable molecules called “free radicals” over time is a primary contributor to cognitive decline and other age-related psychological changes experienced by older adults, potentially impacting memory, processing speed

24
Q

Implicit memory

A

the memory for information that is expressed unconsciously or automatically through improved performance on related tasks, without the need for explicit recall

25
Q

Integrity theory

A

(Erikson’s concept) older adults reflect on their lives and either feel a sense of satisfaction of their life journey (integrity) or experience regret and despair about missed opportunities if they cannot reconcile with their past

26
Q

Normal aging

A

in which the changes are similar to most of those of the same age

27
Q

Optimal aging

A

like the gentleman pictured above who is in very good health for his age and continues to have an active, stimulating life

28
Q

Stereotypes of the aging / consequences of stereotyping in the aging population

A

HEALTH CAN SUFFER AS A RESULT OF STEREOTYPES
• SENIORS WHO VIEW AGING AS PRIMARILY POSITIVE LIVE 7.5 YEARS LONGER

29
Q

Major neurocognitive disorder

A

a condition that causes a significant decline in mental function and the ability to perform daily tasks

30
Q

Minor neurocognitive disorder

A

a condition where a person experiences a slight decline in cognitive abilities, like memory, language, or problem-solving skills

31
Q

U-Curve of happiness

A

Happiest in the beginning & end of life (HAPPINESS TENDS TO REMAIN PRETTY HIGH)

32
Q

Socioemotional selectivity theory

A

Suggests time left to live affects priorities and social relationships
• Young people focus on the future
• Older adults realize the future is limited, thus refocus priorities

33
Q

ADLs

A

(ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIFE) FIVE TASKS OF SELF-CARE IMPORTANT TO INDEPENDENT LIVING
• EATING
• BATHING
• TOILETING
• DRESSING
• MOVING FROM BED TO CHAIR

34
Q

IADLs

A

(INSTRUMENTAL ACTIVITIES OF
DAILY LIFE) ACTIONS IMPORTANT IN DAILY LIVING
• REQUIRE SOME COGNITIVE ABILITY
• MAY PRECEDE PROBLEMS WITH ADLs
• BUDGETING
• MEAL PREPARATION

35
Q

semantic memory

A

a person’s long-term storage of general knowledge about the world, including facts, concepts, and the meanings of words

36
Q

prospective memory

A

the ability to remember to perform an intended action at a specific time in the future

37
Q

neurocognitive disorder

A

decreased mental function due to a medical disease other than a psychiatric illness

38
Q

YOUNG-OLD

A

• 65-74 YRS.
• HEALTHY & ACTIVE
• INDEPENDENT

39
Q

OLD-OLD

A

• 75-84 YRS.
• SOME ADDITIONAL LOSSES IN ABILITIES
• STILL CARE FOR THEMSELVES

40
Q

OLDEST-OLD

A

• 85+
• DEPENDENT

41
Q

Genetic Component of Alzheimer’s

A

ASSOCIATED WITH AGING
• EARLY ONSET <65 YRS.
• PRIMARY SYMPTOM—MEMORY LOSS
• MENTAL & PHYSICAL DECLINE
MORE COMMON IN FEMALES
• LARGER % OF AGING / NO CURE

42
Q

RETROGENESIS

A

“BACK TO BIRTH”
• DIAGNOSIS OF EXCLUSION
• MRI—RULE OUT TUMORS OR STROKES
• BLOOD TEST—FDA APPROVED 2022
• MINI-MENTAL EXAM

HG/D SG FLCDS (12 decks)

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