Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

HG/D SG FLCDS > CH 7 SG > Flashcards

CH 7 SG Flashcards

1
Q

What are the changes in the adolescent brain?

A

(BRIDGE TO EMERGING ADULTHOOD)
PHYSICAL ASPECTS
• TEEN BRAIN
• Puberty
• Health
Brain-still developing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Puberty

A

• THE YEARS OF RAPID
PHYSICAL GROWTH &
SEXUAL MATURATION
• FEMALES SHOW SIGNS EARLIER
THAN MALES
(10-11 in girls/11-12 in boys)
• HEREDITY & ENVIRONMENT
• PROCESS
• VARIATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the importance of sleep and how the sleep cycle changes in adolescents?

A

HELPS US LEARN & REMEMBER
• MAINTAIN FOCUS & ALERTNESS
• IMPORTANT FOR HEALTH (PHYSICAL &
MENTAL)
teenagers have a natural tendency to fall asleep later and to wake up later than before

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three leading causes of death in adolescence?

A
  1. ACCIDENTS
  2. SUICIDES
  3. HOMICIDES
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Body image

A

MENTAL CONCEPTION OF & ATTITUDE
TOWARD PHYSICAL APPEARANCE
(ATTITUDE—NOT NECESSARILY
REALITY)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Formal thought

A

a stage of cognitive development in which a person is able to think abstractly and logically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intuitive

A

a way of thinking that involves making quick decisions and judgments based on instinct, prior knowledge, and immediate perceptions, rather than systematic reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Adolescent egocentrism

A

HEIGHTENED SELF-CONSCIOUSNESS OF ADOLESCENTS
•INVINCIBILITY FABLE
•PERSONAL FABLE
•IMAGINARY AUDIENCE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Invicibility fable

A

ILLUSION OF INVULNERABILITY
•MAY LEAD TO HIGH RISK TAKING

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Risk taking

A

the act or fact of doing something that involves danger or risk in order to achieve a goal COMBINATION OF FACTORS (NATURE & NURTURE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

James Marcia’s four ways adolescents identity crisis

A

it describes the four ways adolescents cope with identity crisis, or form their personal identities
(Achievement, Diffusion, Moratorium, Foreclosure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Emotional regulation in teens

A

ABILITY TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE & CONTROL EMOTIONS
•WIDE VARIATIONS IN ADOLESCENTS
•MUCH BETTER THAN YOUNG CHILDREN!
(ADOLESCENT MOODINESS IS NORMAL & COMMON)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Major Depression

A

MOST COMMON PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTURBANCE (a depressed mood or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for long periods of time)
•INCREASES AROUND PUBERTY
•MAY BE MISTAKEN FOR “MOODINESS”
•IRRITABILITY IS A BIG SYMPTOM IN TEENS
•MAJOR DEP. NEEDS TREATMENT
•HIGH % DON’T RECEIVE TREATMENT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Menarche

A

ONSET OF MENSTRUATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Spermarche

A

the first ejaculation and the beginning of sperm production in males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Primary sex characteristics

A

• PARTS OF BODY DIRECTLY
INVOLVED IN REPRODUCTION
• OVARIES
• TESTES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Secondary sex characteristics

A

• PHYSICAL TRAITS NOT
DIRECTLY INOVLVED IN
REPRODUCTION BUT INDICATE
SEXUAL MATURITY
• BREASTS
• BODY SHAPE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Emotional autonomy

A

the ability to be independent of others emotionally and to be responsible for one’s actions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Formal operations (final stage Piaget)

A

individuals gain the ability to think abstractly, logically reason about hypothetical situations, and consider multiple possibilities/solve problems using complex reasoning and abstract concepts w/o relying solely on concrete experiences (11-12 yrs old)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Imaginary audience

A

a psychological state where an individual imagines and believes that multitudes of people are listening to or watching them (spotlight effect)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Deviant peer contagion

A

the transmission or transfer of deviant behavior from one adolescent to another

22
Q

Differential susceptibility

A

a developmental model that describes how some people are more sensitive to environmental influences than others

23
Q

Homophily

A

the tendency of individuals to associate and bond with similar others

24
Q

Identity foreclosure

A

a stage of identity development in which a person accepts the values, goals, and skills that others have assigned to them without question (a woman who grows up tall may be expected to become a supermodel)

25
Q

Identity achievement

A

a cognitive process in human growth and development that involves exploring one’s identity and committing to a set of values and beliefs

26
Q

Identity diffusion

A

a state where an individual has not yet explored or committed to a specific identity

27
Q

Identity moratorium

A

a stage in which an individual is actively exploring various options but has not yet made a commitment

28
Q

Identify development

A

the process of establishing a sense of self and identity

29
Q

MAMA (Moratorium-achievement) cycling

A

are when identity status changes from moratorium to achievement to moratorium to achievement. This can happen throughout life

30
Q

Phinney’s model of ethnic identity

A

a dynamic process where individuals develop a sense of belonging to their ethnic group

31
Q

Psychological control

A

guilt induction, shaming, love withdrawal, and invalidation of children’s thoughts and feelings

32
Q

Anorexia

A

significant weight loss, an intense fear of being overweight, a false sense of body image, and a refusal to eat the proper number of calories to achieve a healthy weight

33
Q

Bulimia nervosa

A

Characterized by extreme overeating followed by purging

34
Q

Amygdala

A

Emotions

35
Q

Cerebellum

A

• MOTOR CONTROL, BALANCE
• ATTENTION

36
Q

Prefrontal cortex

A

• EARLY 20’S (BY 25)
• HIGHER ORDER THINKING
• PLANNING
• DECISION MAKING
• GOAL SETTING
• IMPULSE CONTROL
• METACOGNITION (thinking about
their own thinking)

37
Q

Physical Changes in Puberty

A

HORMONAL
• ANDROGENS
• ESTROGENS
• HT. & WT.
• FAT DISTRIBUTION
• CIRCULATORY
• RESPITORY

38
Q

Immediate Impact of Puberty

A

-SELF-ESTEEM
-MOODINESS
• STRONGEST IN EARLY PUBERTY

39
Q

Health in Adolescences

A

• OVERALL GOOD
• CRITICAL JUNCTURE

40
Q

CRITICAL JUNCTURE

A

• FACTORS AFFECTING
FUTURE HEALTH BEGIN
• DIET
• EXERCISE
• SLEEP
• SMOKING
• DRINKING
• DRUGS

41
Q

Binge-eating disorder

A

Episodes of extreme overeating of a larger amount of food than most people would eat in a similar amount of time under similar circumstances

42
Q

Orthorexia

A

•Obsession with healthy eating with associated restrictive behaviors
•May lead to malnourishment, loss of relationships, and poor quality of life
•Not recognized yet in the DSM

43
Q

Analytic thinking

A

the ability to comprehend a situation by breaking it down into its components and identifying key or underlying complex issues

44
Q

EATING DISORDERS

A

Involve restricting food consumption, obsessing about weight or body shape, eating too much, and purging

45
Q

Personal fable

A

BELIEVE OWN LIFE IS UNIQUE
•CAN LEAD TO CREATIVITY
•CAN LEAD TO INVINCIBILITY FABLE

46
Q

The factors involved with risk taking

A

Brain development
•Prefrontal cortex
•Risk sensitivity areas
•PERSONALITY—Type T
•ILLUSION OF INVULNERABILITY
•LACK OF EXPERIENCE TO ASSESS OPTIONS
•SOCIAL PRESSURE
•REINFORCED (VIEWS ON YOU TUBE)
•FATALISTIC

47
Q

Delay discounting

A

discount future rewards & seek IMMEDIATE GRATIFICATION

48
Q

Habituation of risk taking

A

”get use to it”

49
Q

Major Depression causes

A

•BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL MODEL (DIATHESIS)
•NATURE & NURTURE
•BIOLOGY
•SEROTONIN
•GENETIC PREDISPOSITION
•ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
•THINKING
•PESSIMISTIC

50
Q

Major Depression treatments

A

-ANTI-DEPRESSANTS
-PSYCHOTHERAPY
-COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY

51
Q

Major Depression gender issues

A

DIFFERENCES IN STRESS & DEPRESSION
•MALES—TURN OUTWARD
•PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
•DRINKING
•FEMALES—TURN INWARD
•RUMINATION

HG/D SG FLCDS (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions