CH 4 SG

Question 1

Brain development in the first two years of life

Answer 1

RAPID NEURAL GROWTH
•TRANSIENT EXUBERANCE
•RAPID INCREASE IN DENDRITES IN BRAIN

Question 2

Differentiate between cephalo-caudel and proximo-distal growth patterns.

Question 3

Identify the senses, reflexes, and motor skills in the first two years of life.

Question 4

Recognize joint attention and deferred imitation.

Question 5

Recognize Piaget’s sensorimotor stage (you do not need to know the individual stages of sensorimotor intelligence).

Question 6

Identify child-directed speech and language development in the first two years of life.

Question 7

Identify the emotions expressed in the first 6 months.

Question 8

Differentiate between stranger wariness and separation anxiety.

Question 9

Recognize the self-conscious emotions.

Question 10

Identify the concept of self-awareness and the tests of self-awareness.

Question 11

Identify the concept of temperament and its three general types.

Question 12

Identify the concept social referencing.

Question 13

Identify the concept of attachment and differentiate between the four types of attachment styles.

Question 14

Recognize Harlow’s work on contact comfort.

Question 15

Identify the characteristics of fathers as caregivers.

Question 16

myelination
synaptic blooming & pruning
gross & fine motor development
sensorimotor key themes
object permanence
joint attention
deferred imitation
habituation
malnutrition concerns
cooing vs. babbling
infant-directed (ID) speech
temperament
goodness-of-fit
attachment
attachment styles
basic emotions
self-conscious emotions
social smile
social referencing
trust-versus-mistrust
autonomy-versus-shame
Bayley Scales

Question 17

MYELINATION

Answer 17

•MYELIN SHEATH DEVELOPS RAPIDLY DURING 1ST 2 YRS.
•HELPS PROTECT
•SPEEDS UP NEURAL MESSAGE

Question 18

PRUNING

Answer 18

•Unused dendrites die allowing space between neurons
•allows more synapses and thus more complex thinking

Question 19

STIMULATION

Answer 19

•PLASTICITY
•DEGREE BRAIN IS MODIFIED BY EXPERIENCE
•GREATEST FIRST FEW YEARS

Question 20

synaptic blooming

Question 21

gross & fine motor development

Question 22

sensorimotor key themes

Question 23

object permanence

Question 24

joint attention

Question 25

deferred imitation

Question 26

habituation

Question 27

malnutrition concerns

Question 28

cooing vs. babbling

Question 29

infant-directed (ID) speech

Question 30

temperament

Question 31

goodness-of-fit

Question 32

attachment

Question 33

attachment styles

Question 34

basic emotions

Question 35

self-conscious emotions

Question 36

social smile

Question 37

social referencing

Question 38

trust-versus-mistrust

Question 39

autonomy-versus-shame

Question 40

Bayley Scales

Question 41

Summarize overall physical growth during infancy. Compare gross and fine motor skills and give examples of each.

Question 42

Describe the growth of the brain during infancy.

Question 43

Discuss nutritional concerns of marasmus and kwashiorkor.

Question 44

Describe cognitive development in infancy and toddlerhood. Describe the six substages of sensorimotor intelligence, infant memory, and language development.

Question 45

Describe stages of language development during infancy. Define babbling, holophrastic speech,
and overregularization.

Question 46

Contrast styles of attachment.

Question 47

Discuss the importance of temperament and goodness of fit.

Question 48

Describe self-awareness, stranger wariness, and separation anxiety.

Question 49

Use Erikson’s theory to characterize psychosocial development during infancy.