Ch 9: Phytochemical

Question 1

provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition

Answer 1

Functional food

Question 2

are health-promoting substances found in plant foods

Answer 2

Phytochemical

Question 3

health-promoting substances found in animal foods

Answer 3

Zoochemical

Question 4

Oatmeal contains __ and soluble fibre, which reduces blood cholesterol

Answer 4

B glucan

Question 5

Grape juice contains ___ that improve cardiovascular health

Answer 5

Polyphenol

Question 6

__ are yellow orange pigment found in plants

Answer 6

Carotenoid

Question 7

Some carotenoids can be converted to __

Answer 7

Vit a

Question 8

___ found in berries and citrus fruits can make capillary blood vessels stronger

Answer 8

Polyphenols

Question 9

__, such as isoflavones and lignins, are found in soybeans and flaxseed

Answer 9

Phytoestrogen

Question 10

__ found in nuts, seeds, and legumes can decrease cholesterol absorption

Answer 10

Phytosterol

Question 11

__ found in broccoli and brussels sprouts, increase the activity of enzymes that deactivate carcinogens

Answer 11

Glucosinolate

Question 12

__ and allium compounds, found in onions and garlic, can deactivate carcinogens

Answer 12

Sulfide

Question 13

Eating more fruits and __ is a way to choose a phytochemical-rich diet

Answer 13

Veggies

Question 14

Whole grain foods deliver many __ and antioxidants

Answer 14

Phytochemical

Question 15

Cocoa is rich in minerals like __, zinc, copper, and iron

Answer 15

Magnesium

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of a functional food and its key component?
a) Fatty fish - Fibre
b) Oatmeal - β-glucan
c) Red meat - Polyphenols
d) White bread - Lignans

Answer 16

B

Question 17

Which of the following is a potential benefit of polyphenols found in green tea?
a) Reduces blood cholesterol
b) Improves cardiovascular health
c) Reduces the risk of certain types of cancer
d) Reduces the risk of age-related blindness

Answer 17

D

Question 18

Lutein and zeaxanthin, found in spinach and kale, may:
a) Reduce the risk of heart disease
b) Reduce the risk of age-related blindness (macular degeneration)
c) Reduce the risk of certain types of cancer
d) Mimic the effect of estrogen

Answer 18

B

Question 19

Which food source is rich in carotenoids like β-carotene?
a) Berries b) Carrots c) Green tea d) Nuts

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Anthocyanidins, a type of polyphenol, are known for their: a) Ability to deactivate carcinogens
b) Role in reducing blood cholesterol
c) Strong antioxidant properties
d) Sulfur-containing compounds

Answer 20

C

Question 21

Which of the following foods is a good source of phytoestrogens?
a) Broccoli
b) Citrus fruits
c) Soybeans
d) Garlic

Answer 21

C

Question 22

Phytosterols primarily exert their health benefits by:
a) Acting as strong antioxidants
b) Decreasing cholesterol absorption
c) Stimulating detoxification enzymes
d) Mimicking the effects of estrogen

Answer 22

B

Question 24

Glucosinolates are predominantly found in:
a) Berries and grapes
b) Nuts and seeds
c) Broccoli and brussels sprouts
d) Onions and garlic

Answer 24

C

Question 25

Which biological activity is associated with sulfides and allium compounds? a) Decreasing cholesterol absorption b) Deactivating carcinogens c) Providing antioxidant protection d) Mimicking estrogen

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Ellagic acid, found in nuts and strawberries, has potential: a) Blood clotting modulation properties b) Anticancer properties c) Cholesterol-lowering effects d) Activity against macular degeneration

Answer 26

B

Question 27

Indoles, found in cruciferous vegetables, may help by: a) Increasing estrogen activity b) Inactivating estrogen c) Promoting the conversion of nitrates to nitrites d) Decreasing the activity of cancer-destroying enzymes

Answer 27

B

Question 28

Alliums, found in garlic and onions, are known to: a) Increase the risk of oxidative damage b) Promote gut bacteria conversion of nitrates to nitrites c) Boost the activity of cancer-destroying enzymes d) Decrease the absorption of phytochemicals

Question 29

Eating a variety of colorful fruits and vegetables is recommended because: a) It ensures a high intake of zoochemicals b) It primarily boosts vitamin intake c) Different colors often indicate different types of phytochemicals d) It reduces the intake of whole grains

Answer 29

C

Question 30

Which of the following is highlighted as a benefit of cocoa? a) High in saturated fats b) Increases blood pressure c) Rich in antioxidants and minerals d) Low in polyphenols

Answer 30

C

Question 31

What are functional food

Answer 31

Foods that provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition

Question 32

What are phytochemical

Answer 32

Health-promoting substances found in plant foods

Question 33

Name a functional food that can help reduce blood cholesterol.

Answer 33

Oatmeal (due to β-glucan and soluble fibre)

Question 34

What component in grape juice may improve cardiovascular health?

Answer 34

Polyphenol

Question 35

What are carotenoids known for?

Answer 35

Yellow-orange pigments in plants, antioxidant properties, some have vitamin A activity

Question 36

Name some food sources rich in carotenoids.

Answer 36

Apricots, carrots, tomatoes, spinach

Question 37

What is a potential effect of polyphenols on blood vessels?

Answer 37

Make capillary blood vessels stronger

Question 38

Where are phytoestrogens like isoflavones and lignins found?

Answer 38

Tofu, soy, milk

Question 39

What is the role of phytosterols in the body?

Answer 39

Decrease cholesterol absorption

Question 40

Name vegetables that contain glucosinolates

Answer 40

Broccoli, brussels sprouts, cabbage

Question 41

What health benefit is associated with sulfides in garlic and onions?

Answer 41

Deactivate carcinogens, kill bacteria, protect against heart disease

Question 42

Where can you find ellagic acid and what is a potential benefit?

Answer 42

Nuts, grapes, strawberries Anticancer properties

Question 43

What are the main health-promoting properties of tannins in tea?

Answer 43

Antioxidant Cancer protection

Question 44

What type of protein foods is emphasized for a phytochemical-rich diet?

Answer 44

Plant - based proteins Beans, peas, nuts,

Question 45

What are some potential benefits of the polyphenols in cocoa?

Answer 45

Antioxidant properties, may help with stress, mood, pain,