Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Nutrients > Ch 1 > Flashcards

Ch 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrition is the study of the interactions between ______ and the food they consume.

A

Living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The six classes of nutrients

A
  1. Carb
  2. Lipid
    3 proteins
  3. Vitamins
  4. Minerals
  5. Water
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Macronutrients provide energy, while ______ do not but are still essential.

A

Micronutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Nutrients that contain carbon are called ______ nutrients.

A

Organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The amount of heat needed to raise 1 kg of water by 1°C is called a ____

A

Kilocalorie (kcal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Undernutrition occurs when nutrient intake is ______.

A

Inadequeate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Overnutrition results from excessive intake of energy or ______ nutrients.

A

Specific

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Macronutrients examples

A

Carbs, lipids, proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nutrient-dense foods provide a high proportion of nutrients relative to their ______ content.

A

Calorie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and ______

A

Nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Genetics interact with dietary choices to influence the risk of developing ______ diseases.

A

Chronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Metabolism refers to all ______ reactions in the body.

A

Chemical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Name the 4 fat soluble vitamins

A

A,D,E,K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

The study of diet and health patterns in populations is called ___

A

EPIDEMIOLOGY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The leading cause of diet-related death is ______.

A

Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Vitamins
d) Proteins

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which of these is an example of a micronutrient?
a) Proteins
b) Water
c) Minerals
d) Lipids

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which type of nutrient provides the most energy per gram?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Lipids
d) Water

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following is considered an inorganic nutrient?
a) Proteins
b) Vitamins
c) Carbohydrates
d) Water

A

D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which macronutrient is most important for tissue growth and repair?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Lipids
c) Proteins
d) Vitamins

A

C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which of these foods is the most nutrient-dense?
a) French fries
b) Broccoli
c) Soda
d) White bread

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the main function of lipids?
a) Provide energy at rest
b) Build muscle tissue
c) Transport oxygen in the blood
d) Aid digestion

A

A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which of the following factors influences food choices?
a) Availability
b) Culture
c) Personal preference
d) All of the above

A

D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the main function of vitamins?
a) Provide energy
b) Regulate body processes
c) Form body structures
d) Build muscle

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which of these nutrients is NOT an energy-yielding macronutrient? a) Carbohydrates b) Vitamins c) Lipids d) Proteins
B
26
Which of the following best describes homeostasis? a) Breakdown of food for energy b) Maintenance of internal balance c) The process of digestion d) None of the above
B
27
Which study type involves observing a population without intervention? a) Experimental study b) Clinical trial c) Observational study d) Laboratory study
C
28
Which of the following is considered a complex carbohydrate? a) Sugar b) Fiber c) Milk d) None of the above
B
29
Which term describes an association between two factors without proving cause and effect? a) Causation b) Correlation c) Homeostasis d) Metabolism
B
30
Which of these is an example of a trace element (mineral)? a) Calcium b) Iron c) Sodium d) Potassium
B
31
What is the main function of carbohydrates?
Provide energy
32
What makes a nutrient "essential"?
must be obtained from the diet because the body cannot make it
33
What are the two types of vitamins?
Fat-soluble and water-soluble
34
What is the primary function of proteins?
Tissue growth, repair, and maintenance
35
Which three macronutrients provide energy?
Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
36
What unit is used to measure energy in food?
Kcal
37
What is the difference between undernutrition and overnutrition?
Undernutrition is inadequate nutrient intake, while overnutrition is excessive intake
38
Which chronic diseases are linked to poor nutrition?
Cancer, heart disease, and stroke
39
What is nutrient density?
The ratio of nutrients to calories in food
40
What are some factors that influence food choices?
Availability, culture, income, transportation, personal preference
41
What does homeostasis mean?
Maintaining internal balance in the body
42
What is the main function of lipids?
Provide energy at rest and support cell function
43
Define metabolism
The sum of all chemical reactions in the body
44
What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?
Simple carbohydrates are sugars, while complex carbohydrates include starches and fiber
45
nutrition
A science that studies the interactions that occur between living organisms and food
46
nutrients
Chemical substances in foods that provide energy and structure and help regulate body processes.
47
processed foods
Foods that have been changed from their natural state
48
chronic disease
Non- communicable diseases that develop slowly over a lifetime and need continuing medical attention to manage and control.
49
This is a comprehensive survey of health-related issues, including the eating habits of Canadians, that was begun in 2000 and continues to collect data annually
Canadian Community Health Survey
50
This is a comprehensive survey of health-related issues, including the eating habits of Canadians, that was begun in 2000 and continues to collect data annually
Canadian Community Health Survey
51
essential nutrients
Nutrients that must be provided in the diet because the body either cannot make them
52
fortified foods
Foods to which one or more nutrients have been added, typically to replace nutrient losses during processing
53
natural health products
include vitamin and mineral supplements, amino acids, fatty acids, probiotics, herbal remedies
54
phytochemicals
Substances found in plant foods (phyto means plant) that are not essential nutrients but may have health- promoting properties. zoochemicals Substanc
55
zoochemicals
Substances found in animal foods (zoo means animal) that are not essential nutrients but may have health- promoting properties.
56
energy-yielding nutrients
provide energy in the body.
57
overnutrition
an energy or nutrient intake in excess
58
nutrigenomics
The study of how diet affects our genes
59
adequacy
A state in which there is a sufficient amount of a nutrient or nutrients in the diet to maintain health.
60
portion distortion
The increase in portion sizes for typical restaurant and snack foods, observed
61
theory
An explanation based on scientific study and reasoning.
62
Biomarker
Sign if something is healthy or not, like disease A biological measurement that is an indicator of future disease development.
63
cardiovascular disease
A disease that results from damage to blood vessels, such as the coronary arteries of the heart, which can cause heart attack,
64
Sample size calculation
it’s just figuring out how many people to ask to make sure your answer is as reliable as possible.
65
Epidemiology
Study of diet and health patterns
66
nutritional epidemiology
The study of dietary exposures, such as the intake of a certain nutrient, food,
67
A relationship between two factors where one factor causes the second factor to occur.
Causation
68
___ is when scientific studies, a factor that is related to both the outcome being investigated (e.g., disease) and a factor that might influence outcome (e.g.dietary intake).
Confounding factor
69
Residual confounding meaning
ghost variable" that distorts your conclusions, even though you've tried your best to account for the known ones.
70
Treatment group defintion
Group of people in study who get real treatment - group u are testing (diet, therapy, new medicine)
71
Control group meaning
Group of people who doesnt get treatment
72
Placebo meaning
Fake treatment to make it look like the real thing Treatment vs power of belief
73
Randomization
Process of randomly putting people into either treatment or control group (equal chances)
74
Peer review system meaning
Before study gets published, other experts check it over
75
Single blind meaning
Participants dont know if theyre getting real treament or placebo, but researchers do
76
Double blind meaning
Participants + researchers dont know who is getting real treatment and who is getting placebo
77
Balance study meaning
Study that ensure both treatment and control group are similar (age, gender, etc)
78
Depletion - repletion study meaning
Study where researchers take away certain nutrient from persons diet - depletion Adding it back - repletion To see how it affects health
79
Prospective cohort study
Study where researchers follow a group of people (cohort) over time to see how factors (diet, exercise) affect health

Nutrients (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions