Ch 9 - France Flashcards
Region of France impacted by the 12th century marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry II
Bordeaux
Region of France on border with Germany - alternated control over history
Alsace
Elevated region located in the central portion of France
Massif Central
Most widely planted white grape in France
Ugni Blanc (Trebbiano Toscano)
Most widely planted red grape in France
Merlot
Term for basic French table wine using 100% French grapes
Vin de France
How many regional Vin de Pays categories are there in France?
Seven (7)
Most widely planted red grape in Entre-Deux-Mers
Merlot
a St.-Emilion Grand Cru Classé Category A property
Château Cheval Blanc
Grape variety that forms the basis for most dry white Bordeaux wines
Sauvignon Blanc
Property whose ranking in the Bordeaux Classification of 1855 was changed in 1973
Château Mouton-Rothschild
Term that represents the Bordeaux tradition of selling wine in futures
En primeur
A superior first growth for sweet Bordeaux
Château d’Yquem
Grape variety that forms the basis for sweet Bordeaux wines such as Sauternes
Sémillon
The river that flows past Bordeaux and forms the border between Graves and Entre-Deux-Mers
Garonne
A minor white grape variety of Bordeaux
Muscadelle
The third most planted red grape in Bordeaux
Cabernet Franc
The river that flows past the city of Libourne
Dordogne
The leading grape of the Left Bank
Cabernet Sauvignon
Only chateau from Graves that was rated premier cruller in the 1855 Classification
Château Haut-Brion
a minor red grape of Bordeaux
Malbec
An estuary that flows through Bordeaux and out to the Atlantic
Gironde
Where is the city of Bordeaux
left bank
where is Graves
left bank
where is St. Julien
left bank
Where is Fronsac
right bank
where is Graves de Vayres
Entre-deux-Mers
Where is Pauillac
left bank
where is St.-Estèphe
left bank
Where is St.-Émilion
right bank
Where is Pessac-Léognan
left bank
Where is the Libournais
right bank
Where is the Médoc
left bank
Where is Pomerol
right bank
Where is Castillon-Côtes de Bordeaux
right bank
Where is Loupiac
Entre-deux-Mers
What are key regions for Sauvingnon Blanc in the Loire Valley?
Reuilly, Menetou-Salon, Sancerre, Pouilly-Fumé, Quincy
What are key regions for Chenin Blanc in the Loire Valley?
Savennières, Bonnezeaux, Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Quarts-de-Chaume
What are key regions for Melon de Bourgogne in the Loire Valley?
Pays Nantais, Muscadet
Name used in the Pays Nantais for Pinot Gris grapes
Malvoisie
What process is often used in Pays Nantais to make Melon-de-Bourgogne wines richer/more complex?
sur lie aging
main grape used in red wines from Chinon
Cabernet franc
main grape used in red wines of Sancerre
Pinot Noir
Term for sparkling wines from the Loire
Fines Bulles
Three Anjou wine appellations known for sweet white wines
Coteaux de Lyon, Bonnezeaux, Quarts-de-Chaume
What is the first/only grand cru of the Loire
Quarts-de-Chaume
What are the three rosé wines of the Loire, listed from driest to sweetest?
Rosé de Loire, Rosé d’Anjou, Cabernet d’Anjou
Where is the most “cerebral wine in the world”
Savennières
Another name for Pineau de la Loire
Chenin Blanc
Another name for the grape Côt
Malbec
Another name for the grape Bréton
Cabernet Franc
What are the 3 leading red wine appellations of Touraine
Chinon, Bourgueil, and St. Nicholas-de-Bourgueil
What are the 5 main zones that make up Champagne?
Côte de blancs, Côte de Sézanne, Côte de Bar, Montagne de Reims, Vallée de la Marne
Chalky soil that underlies much of the Cote de Bar
Kimmeridgian Marl
3 main Champagne grapes
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Pinot Meunier
4 minor Champagne grapes
Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Petit Méslier, Arbane
term for highest quality juice in sparkling wines
cuvée
term for juice from the second pressing (often used in Demi-sec and extra dry sparkling wines)
taille
term for the last bit of juice, often used for still wines
rebêche
French term for vintage Champagne
Millésime
Term found on the label of a grower Champagne
RM = Récoltant-Manipulant
Wines produced in the Coteaux Champenois AOC
still reds, whites, and rosés
AOC in far south of Champagne that produces roses
Rose des Riceys
Where is Alsace located, relative to German wine regions of Baden and Pfalz
across the Rhine from Baden and south of the Pfalz
Only red wine allowed in Alsace AOC wines
Pinot Noir
3 types of appellations in Alsace
Alsace AOC, Alsace Grand Cru AOC, and Cremant d’Alsace AOC
Only place in Alsace that Klevener grape is allowed
village of Heiligenstein and a few other specific communes
Three permitted white grapes in Alsace
Chasselas, Auxerrois, and Pinot Gris
Number of grand cru vineyards in Alsace
51
Four “noble grapes” of Alsace
Gewurtztraminer, Muscat, Pinot Gris, and Riesling
Where majority of grand cru vineyards are located in Alsace
Haut-Rhin (not Bas-Rhin)
% of Alsace wine from Cremant d’Alsace
23%
term for blended wines in Alsace
Edelzwicker
term for a blended wine from Alsace that contains at least 50% noble grape varieties
Gentil
Style of wine from Alsace from late harvest grapes (possibly botrytized) that can be made into sweet or dry wines
Vendange tardive
T/F - Pinot d’Alsace can be made using Pinot Noir, as long as it’s vinified as a white wine
true
Number of acres in the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard
254 acres
Percentage of Cote de Nuits production that is Pinot Noir
90% Pinot Noir
Approximate number of miles from Chablis to the Cote d’Or
80 miles
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Cote de Nuits
24 grand cru vineyards
Percentage of Burgundy’s annual output that is Chardonnay
60% Chardonnay
Number of sub appellations in the (regional) Bourgogne AOC
14 sub appellations
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Cote d’Or
32 grand cru vineyards
Total number of Burgundy grand cru vineyards
33 grand cru vineyards
Number of principal premier cru vineyards in Chablis
17 principal premier cru vineyards
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Cote de Beaune
8 grand cru vineyards
Number of hectares in the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard
103 hectares
Approximate number of kilometers from Chablis to the Cote d’Or
129 kilometers
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Cote de Beaune who only produce white wine
7 vineyards
minor red grape of Burgundy, grown primarily in the Maconnais
Gamay
Area located in the northern end of the Cote d’Or
Cote de Nuits
Term used in Burgundy to refer to officially designated small plots of land
Climat
Largest communal AOC located in the Cote Chalonnaise
Mercurey
Commune appellation located in the Cote de Nuits
Marsannay
White grape variety used in the Bouzeron AOC
Aligote
Area located in the southern end of the Cote d’Or
Cote de Beaune
Grape variety used in Pouilly-Fuisse and St.-Veran
Chardonnay
Highest ranking award to designated vineyards in Burgundy
Grand Cru
Only grand cru vineyard in the Cote de Beaune that produces white AND red wines
Corton
Main grape variety in the Cote de Nuits
Pinot Noir
Second highest ranking award to designated vineyards in Burgundy
Premier cru
Grand cru vineyard in the Cote de Beaune that produces white wine only
Montrachet
Grand cru vineyard in the commune of Vosne-Romanee
La Tache
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Cote Chalonnaise
0 - there aren’t any grand cru vineyards in the Cote Chalonnais
What caused the vineyards in Burgundy to have significantly fractured ownerships
The French Revolution and Napoleonic Code (demanded that property be split evenly among all heirs)
T/F - the Maconnais lies directly north of Beaujolais and the two actually overlap
True
While the Cote de Beaune is known for white wine, how much of its production is actually red wine?
Just over 1/2 of wine produced in Cote de Beaune is actually red
First item listed on the label of a Burgundy Premier Cru
The name of the commune
T/F - the Macon-Villages AOC appellation is only designated for white wine
True
Compare Burgundy to Bordeaux in terms of acreage and wine production
Burgundy has about 1/4 the acreage and produces about 1/4 the volume of wine, compared to Bordeaux
T/F - the weather in Chablis (cold winters/cool summers) often makes it difficult to get grapes to ripen fully
True
What you’ll see on a Burgundy Premier cru wine label
First will be the name of the commune (typically in larger font) and will usually state “Premier Cru” or “1er cru” along with the vineyard name
Largest communal AOC in Cote Chalonnaise
Mercurey
How much of Burgundy’s wine output is handled via Negociant trade?
About 75%
Only grand cru vineyard in the Cote de Nuits that produces a small amount of Chardonnay
Musigny (all others are for red wines exclusively)
A well-known Chablis Premier Cru vineyard
Fourchaume
T/F - Burgundy produces a small amount of sparkling wine
True
T/F - Sauvignon blanc is not approved for use in any of the Burgundy AOC wines
False
Commune and wines: Montrachet grand cru vineyard
Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet; white wines only
Commune and wines: La Grande Rue grand cru vineyard
Vosne-Romanee; red wines only
Commune and wines: Bonnes Mares grand cru vineyard
Morey-St.-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny; red wines only
Commune and wines: Romanee-Conti grand cru vineyard
Vosne-Romanee; red wines only
Commune and wines: Clos de la Roche grand cru vineyard
Morey-St.-Denis; red wines only
Commune and wines: Corton grand cru vineyard
Ladoix-Serrigny, Aloxe-Corton, and Pernand-Vergelesses; both red and white wines
Commune and wines: Musigny grand cru vineyard
Chambolle-Musigny; both red and white wines
Commune and wines: Richebourg grand cru vineyard
Vosne-Romanee; red wines only
Commune and wines: Echezeaux grand cru vineyard
Flagey-Echezeaux (Vosne-Romanee); red wines only
Commune and wines: Corton-Charlemagne grand cru vineyard
Ladoix-Serrigny, Aloxe-Corton, and Pernand-Vergelesses; white wines only
Commune and wines: Clos de Vougeot grand cru vineyard
Vougeot; red wines only
Commune and wines: La Tache grand cru vineyard
Vosne-Romanee; red wines only
Commune and wines: Chambertin grand cru vineyard
Gevrey-Chambertin; red wines only
Northern portion of Beaujolais AOC is known for what type of soils and grape variety
Granite soils / gamay grape
Beaujolais AOC is just west of what river
the Saone River
Process used in Beaujolais to generate bright red and tropical fruit flavors
carbonic maceration
Annual release date of Beaujolais Nouveau
Third Thursday of November
Beaujolais’ boundaries slightly overlap this other wine region
the Maconnais
Other than Gamay, which grapes are planted in Beaujolais?
Chardonnay, Aligote, Pinot Noir, Melon de Bourgogne, and Pinot Gris
Villages in Beaujolais allowed to use the term “Beaujolais-Villages AOC” on the label
38 villages
Three Beaujolais crus known for producing lighter styles
Chiroubles, Fleurie, St.-Amour
Four Beaujolais crus known for producing medium-to fuller bodied styles of the wine
Brouilly, Cote de Brouilly, Julienas, Regnie
Three Beaujolais crus known for producing age-worthy styles of the wine
Chenas, Moulin-a-vent, Morgon
Dominant white grape of the Southern Rhone
Grenache Blanc
Small AOC located within the Condrieu AOC
Chateau Grillet
Region known for producing red vin doux naturel based on Grenache
Rasteau
A rounded stone that covers the ground in the Rhone Valley
Galet
White grape used to make sparkling wines with the Methode Ancestrale Dioise
Clairette
An AOC in the northern Rhone that requires wines to be 100% Syrah
Cornas
The strong, cold wind of the Rhone and surrounding regions
Mistral
An AOC in the southern Rhone that produces rose exclusively
Tavel
the main red grape of the northern Rhone
Syrah
One of the larger red wine AOCs of the Northern Rhone
St.-Joseph
A white grape variety used in small amounts in the red wines of Hermitage and surrounding areas
Marsanne
Northernmost appellation of Northern Rhone
Cote Rotie
Grape variety used in Condrieu
Viognier
Main red grape of the southern Rhone
Grenache
AOC in southwestern France that produces red wines based on Malbec
Cahors
Large AOC within Provence, known for rose
Cotes de Provence
White grape variety used in southwest France
Affrufiac
AOC in Provence known for deep reds and hearty roses based on Mourvedre
Bandol
Area in the Languedoc-Roussillon known for sparkling wines
Limoux
Red grape variety grown in Southwest France
Fer Servadou
AOC in the Languedoc approved in July 2014
Terrasses du Larzac
Largest AOC in the Languedoc-Roussillon (in terms of production)
Corbieres
AOC in southwest France that produces red wines based on Tannat
Madiran
AOC just north of Corbieres
Minervois
Sub-appellation of the Cotes de Provence AOC
Sainte-Victoire
Area in the Roussillon known for fortified wines made from Muscat
Rivesaltes
White grape used in the Vin de Corse AOC
Vermentino
Red grape used in the Vin de Corse AOC (aka Sangiovese)
Nielluccio
Sancerre is known for which grape
Sauvignon Blanc
Where is Pessac-Leognan located and what wines is it known for
Northern section of Graves; white wines
Red Bordeaux blend grapes
Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet France, Malbec, Merlot, and Petit Verdot
Highest quality appellation of Chablis
Chablis Grand Cru
Area just south of the Cote de Beaune
Cote Chalonnais
What Loire region is known for Muscadet
the Pays Nantais
Dominant red grape of the Southern Rhone
Grenache
Grape variety used in the production of Morgon
Gamay
Small AOC located within larger Condrieu AOC
Chateau-Grillet
Which AOC produces 100% rose wine
Tavel
Wine made with a majority of Mourvedre
Bandol
Percentage of wine from Provence that is rose
88% rose
Brouilly is a cru in which region
Beaujolais
Type of wine produced at Chateau d’Yquem
Sauternes
term found on labels of grower Champagne
Recoltant manipulant
Where is Fronsac located?
right bank of Bordeaux
Only chateau from Graves rated premier cru in the 1855 Bordeaux classificiation
Chateau Haut-Brion
Grape variety used in production of Montrachet
Chardonnay
Three main grapes of Champagne
Pinot Noir, Meunier, and Chardonnay
What area is covered by the Mediterranee IGP?
Provence
Where is Quarts de Chaume AOC located?
Anjou-Saumur (Loire Valley)
