Ch 10 - Italy Flashcards
Contrast climates of Italy - northern vs. southern
Northern portion is cooler, southern portion is hot - there is considerable overall difference
T/F - very few parts of Italy are more than 75 miles from the sea
True
Mountain range that forms the northern border of Italy
the Alps
Flatland of Italy in the north
Po River Valley
How do the Alps affect climate in Italy?
form a solid wall that holds back most of the Arctic air masses from northern Europe
Sea located off the western coast of Italy
Tyrrhenian Sea
Sea located off the eastern coasts of Italy
Adriatic Sea
Sea located off the southern coast of Italy (along the coasts of Apulia, Basilicata, and Calabria)
Ionian Sea
Most widely planted red grape in Italy
Sangiovese
Most widely planted white grape in Italy
Trebbiano (aka Ugni Blanc)
Designation, grape, and style of: Amarone della Valpolicella
DOCG / Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella / dry red still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Recioto della Valpolicella
DOCG / Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella / sweet red still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Valpolicella
DOC / Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella / dry red still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Bardolino Superiore
DOCG / Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella / sweet red still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Bardolino Chiaretto
DOC / Corvina, Corvinone, Rondinella / dry rose still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Soave
DOC / Garganega (min 70%), Trebbiano, Chardonnay / dry white still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Recioto di Soave
DOCG / Garganega (min 70%), Trebbiano, Chardonnay / sweet white still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Asolo Prosecco
DOCG / Glera (min 85%) / dry sparkling white wines (allowed to be dry to demi-sec)
Designation, grape, and style of: Prosecco
DOC / Glera (min 85%) / dry sparkling white wines (allowed to be dry to demi-sec)
Designation, grape, and style of: Barolo
DOCG / Nebbiolo / dry red still wines
Designation, grape, and style of: Barbaresco
DOCG / Nebbiolo / dry red still wines
Designation, grape and style of: Moscato d’Asti
DOCG / Moscato (Muscat) / white sweet sparkling wines (frizzante)
Designation, grape and style of: Asti
DOCG / Moscato (Muscat) / white, dry, off-dry, or sweet sparkling wine (frizzante)
Designation, grape and style of: Roero
DOCG / Nebbiolo (red) or Arneis (white) / dry still red or white wines
Designation, grape and style of: Gattinara
DOCG / Nebbiolo (Spanna), min 90% / dry red still wines
Designation, grape and style of: Ghemme
DOCG / Nebbiolo (Spanna), min 90% / dry red still wines
Designation, grape and style of: Gavi
DOCG / Cortese / dry still white wines
Designation, grape and style of: Barbera d’Alba
DOC / Barbera / dry still red wines
Designation, grape and style of: Acqui
DOCG / Brachetto / sweet red sparkling wine
Grape variety used in orange wines
Ribolla Gialla
Winemaking process that uses dried grapes
Appassimento
Blanc de blancs sparkling wine produced in Lombardy
Saten
Local name for Nebbiolo used in Lombardy
Chiavennasca
One of the subzones of Valtellina Superiore DOCG
Inferno
Alternative name for the Trentino-Alto Adige region
Sudtirol
DOC in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, known for white blends and orange wines
Collio Goriziano
DOCG for sparkling wines from Lombardy
Franciacorta
Term used in Italy to refer to process of creating high-quality sparkling wines
Metodo Classico
Term used to refer to sweet wines made using grapes that are partially dried after harvest
Recioto
Local name for Nebbiolo used in some parts of Piedmont
Spanna
High-alcohol wine made using partially dried Nebbiolo grapes
Sforzato
Region in Lombardy known for producing red wines from Nebbiolo
Valtellina
Traditional wine-making technique that uses sediment or lees from a prior batch to make a full-bodied wine
Ripasso
large DOC in Piedmont that covers many smaller regions, including Barolo, Barbaresco, and Roero
Langhe
Three main cities of Tuscany
Florence, Siena, and Pisa
What percentage of total Tuscan wine output is red?
90%
Term that was created in response to the fact than 100% sangiovese wines from Chianti had to be classified as vino da tavola
Super-Tuscan
Basic Chianti DOCG must contain (at least) what percentage of Sangiovese?
70% (many references say 75%, but production guidelines from Chianti DOCG say 70%)
What grapes, other than Sangiovese, are allowed in basic Chianti?
Caniolo Nero, “other suitable red varieties”, Trebbiano (white) and Malvasia (white)
Seven subzones of Chianti DOCG
- Colli Arentini
- Colli Fiorentini
- Colli Senesi
- Colli Pisane
- Montalbano
- Montespertoli
- Rufina
Chianti Classico DOCG must contain (at least) what percentage of Sangiovese?
80%
Classification approved by Chianti Classico Consortium in 2014 for use with high-quality wines produced exclusively from estate-grown grapes
Chianti Classico Gran Selezione
Aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG (both in wood and in bottle)
minimum 2 years in wood
minimum 4 months in bottle
Brunello di Montalcino DOCG wines cannot be released before what date?
January 1st of the fifth year following harvest
Another name for light red or amber Vin santo
Occhio di pernice
Tuscany’s only white wine DOCG
Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG
Original Super Tuscan, produced by Tenuta San Guido
Sassicaia
Tuscan wine produced in and around Montepulciano
Vino Nobile
Tuscan wine that must be produced using 10%-20% Cabernet Sauvignon or Cabernet Franc
Carmignano
Major red grape variety of Tuscany
Sangiovese
Another name for Sangiovese grapes in Scansano
Morellino
Ancient winemaking technique that involves addition of overripe grapes to a vat of new wine as it finishes fermenting
Governo
Historic heart of the Chianti region (not a city)
Chianti Classico
type of sweet wine made in Tuscany (and elsewhere) using dried grapes and extensive aging
Vin santo
Another name for Sangiovese grapes in Rosso di Montepulciano
Prugnolo Gentile
Italian red grape variety known for its rich color and hearty tannins
Colorino
Birthplace of the Super Tuscan movement
Bolgheri
Red grape used throughout Tuscany as a blending partner for Sangiovese
Canaiolo Nero
One of the earliest Super Tuscans, created by Marchese Piero Antinori
Tignanello
triangular region that stretches across the Italian peninsula from one side to the other
Emiglia Romagna
Region where Est! Est!! Est!!! is produced
Lazio
first white Italian wine to achieve DOCG designation
Romagna Albana DOCG (formerly Albana di Romagna)
Minimum % of Montepulciano grapes in Montepulciano d’Abruzzo DOC wines
85%
One of the leading white wines of Umbria
Orvieto DOC
What color wine is Frascati DOC in Lazio?
White
Umbria’s two DOCG wines
Montefalco Sagrantino and Torgiano Rosso Riserva (both red)
where/what type of wine is Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG?
crisp, dry white wine made from the Marches region in Italy
Where/what type of grapes are used in making Conero DOCG wines?
red wine made with Montepulciano and Sangiovese grapes, made in the Marches region in Italy
Where is most Lambrusco produced / where else in Italy is a small amount produced?
Most is produced in Emilia-Romagna, but some is also made in Lombardy
Leading white grape variety of Abruzzo
Trebbiano d’Abruzzo
Term on labels for semi-dry Orvieto wines
abboccato
Cherry-colored, lighter style of Montepulciano d’Abruzzo
Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo
Number of DOCs for Vin santo in Tuscany (and the most famous one)
Four / Vin Santo del Chianti DOC
only DOCG wine made in Siciliy
Cerasuolo di Vittoria
production zone for Lacryma Christi wines
Vesuvio
Region that can be described as the “toe of the boot” in Italy
Calabria
Red grape variety used to make a sweet, late-harvest DOCG wine in Manduria (Puglia)
Primitivo
Boldly flavored red DOCG wine produced in Campania
Taurasi
DOC wine of Calabria (the red version uses Gaglioppo grapes)
Ciro
Red grape variety used in Salice Salentino DOC
Negroamaro
Dried-grape dessert wine produced in small amounts in Calabria
Greco di Bianco
Main grape used in Cannonau di Sardegna DOC
Grenache
DOCG white wine from Sardinia
Vermentino di Gallura
Island just west of Calabria
Sicily
Main grape used in Cerasuolo di Vittoria
Nero d’Avola
Main grape used in Taurasi DOCG
Anglianico
Wine region surrounding Naples
Campania
Location, main grapes, and 3 main types of Marsala DOC
Sicily; Cataratto, Grillo, and Inzolia; Oro (golden), Ambra (amber), and Rubino (ruby/red)
Sweetness level for Secco (dry) Marsala
Maximum 4% residual sugar
Sweetness level for Semisecco (semidry) Marsala
4% - 10% residual sugar
Sweetness level for Dolce (sweet) Marsala
Minimum 10% residual sugar
Aging requirements for Marsala Fine
minimum of one year
Aging requirements for Marsala Superiore
minimum of two years
Aging requirements for Marsala Superior Riserva
minimum of four years
Aging requirements for Marsala Vergine / Marsala Solera
Aged in a solera system for a minimum of five years
Aging requirements for Marsala Vergine Stravecchio
minimum of 10 years in a cask
Grape variety used in production of Gavi
Cortese
Minimum % of Sangiovese in Chianti Classico
80%
What type of wine is Recioto di Soave?
a sweet white wine produced in Veneto
wine produced in the DOCG surrounding the town of Asolo
Prosecco
What grapes are used in Cerasuolo d’Abruzzo
Montepulciano
What two wines must be made from 100% Nebbiolo grapes?
Barolo and Barbaresco
Lightly sparkling wine made in Piedmont
Brachetto d’Acqui
What grapes are used in Taurasi wine?
Anglianico
Where Marsala is produced
Sicily
Wine region surrounding city of Naples
Campania
Alternative name used for Trentino-Alto Adige region
Sudtirol
1st white wine to achieve DOCG status in Italy
Romagna Albana
Where is Castelli di Jesi Verdicchio Riserva DOCG made?
Marches region
Main grapes used in Orvieto wines
Trebbiano Toscano and Grechetto
Lambrusco is primarily made in which region
Emilia-Romagna
What grapes are used in Salice Salentino
Negroamaro
Minimum % Sangiovese grapes in Brunello di Montalcino DOCG wines
100% Sangiovese
Furthest south of Montalbano, Colline Pisane, Colli Senesi, and Barbera D’Asti
Colli Senesi
DOC that extends from Veneto into Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Lison-Pramaggiore