Ch. 8 Articulations fo the Vertebral Column Flashcards
Classifications of articulations between vertebral bodies
Fibrocartilaginous joint
Bony surfaces of the intervertebral joint
Inferior surface of suprajacent vertebral body.
Superior surface of the infrajacent vertebral body
Covering of bony surfaces articulating the intervertebral joint
Hyaline cartilage
Function of fibrocartliaginous discs
separate and bind together vertebral bodies
Discs account for __ of the length of the vertebral column
1/4
Location of the superior most intervertebral disc
B/t axis and CV3
Location of the inferior most intervertebral disc
L5 and scarum
Total # of intervertebral discs
23
Intervertebral discs are named and numbered according to the vertebra _____ which they lie.
Below
The fifth lumbar disc lies below the fifth lumbar vertebra.
In the cervical and lumbar regions, discs tend to be higher ___ than _____
anteriorly; posteriorly
In which region are the discs higher anteriorly than they are posteriorly?
Cervical and lumbar
Region in which the discs are about the same height measured anteriorly and posteriorly
thoracic
Intervertebral disc consists of the
anulus fibrosus
nucleus pulposus
Forms the periphery of the intervertebral disc, comprised of fibrocartilage in which the collagen fiber component predominates
anulus fibrosus
The anulus fibrosis is comprised of ___
fibrocartilage in which the collagen fiber component predominates.
Collagen fibers in the anulus fibrosis are arranged primarily in ______ rings
cocentric, fibers of each lamella running obliquely to adjacent lamellae.n
External fiber of the anulus fibrosis blend with
longitudinal ligaments
Internal fibers of anulus fibrosis blend with
nucleus pulposus
The anulus fibrosis is thicker ___ than ____
anteriorly; posteriorly
Nucleus pulposus is _____ located
eccentrically
The common protrusion of the nucleus pulpous goes in which direction after a trauma to the anulus fibrosis?
posteriorly
What is a factor responsible for the more common protrusion fo the nucleus pulpous posteriorly after damage to the anulus fibrosis?
Anulus fibrosis is thicker anteriorly than it is psoteirly.posteirorly
Functions of the anulus fibrosis
- Binding together of the vertebral bodies
- Joint stability
- Movement of two adjacent vertebrae
- Retention of the nucleus pulposus
BJMR
Billie Joe Married Rachel
Forms the center of the intervertebral disc
Nucleus Pulposus
A typical nucleus pulpous consists of about ___ water
80%
Percentage of water in the nucleus pulpous of a fetus
88%
Percentage of water in the nucleus pulposus in later adult life
70%
Why do people become shorter in later life?
The intervertebral disc becomes dehydrated.
Is the nucleus pulposus compressible or incompressible?
incompressible - any compression will flatten it, consequent peripheral bulging of the anulus fibrosus.
Broad, thick ligament along the anterior and anterior-lateral surfaces o the vertebral column from the basilar part of the occipital bone to the sacrum.
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Fusions of the anterior longitudinal ligament
Periosteum of vertebral bodies and the outer lamella of anterior part of anulus fibrosus.
Resists extension, as the body weight attempts to increase the secondary curvature of the lumbar region.
Anterior longitudinal ligament
Ligament that lies on the posterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs. Distinctive repeating hour glass shape
Posterior longitudinal ligament
The PLL ____ when passing over the vertebral bodies, and ___ when when passing over the intervertebral discs.
Narrows, widens
Lies within the vertebral column, anterior to the spinal cord and meninges
PLL
Length of PLL
extends from body of axis down to sacrum
– upper end is directly continuous with the membrane tectorial.
Resists flexion, as the body weight tends to increase the primary curvature of thoracic region
PLL
“yellow ligament” (many elastic fibers) that extends from the lamina above to the lamina below
Ligamentum Flavum
Ligamentum flavum ____ going from cervical to thoracic to lumbar regions.
thickens
Stretches slowly in flexion so that movement is not stopped suddenly., and aids return to extension.
Ligamentum flavum
Strong ligament that interconnects the spinous process from the axis down to the sacrum
Supraspinous ligament
Where does the supraspinous ligament extend from
axis-sacrum
Where does the ligament flavum extend from
lamina above to lamina below
Which muscles course along each side of the supraspinous ligament?
interspinalis muscles.
Supraspinous ligaments above C7 in the neck
Ligamentum nuchae
Thin membrane that fills the intervals fro spine to spine and from deep ligamentum flavum to the surpasinpinal ligaments superficially
Interspinous ligament
Interspinous ligaments are poorly developed in the ___ region.
Cervical – because space between spinous processes is small.
Ligaments between adjacent transverse processes
inter transverse ligaments
