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Anatomy > Ch 25. Mediastinum > Flashcards

Ch 25. Mediastinum Flashcards

1
Q

Space between the right pleura and the left pleura of the thorax

A

mediastinum

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2
Q

Mediastinum is the also known as the

A

interpleural space

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3
Q

The inter pleural space contains all the organs of the thorax with the exception of the

A

lungs

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4
Q

Thin, serous membrane located within the thoracic cavity on both the right and left side

A

pleura

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5
Q

Histologically, a serous membrane is a double-layered membrane composed of an ___ and an ____

A

inner mesothelium

outer connective tissue layer

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6
Q

Pleura that covers the surface of the lungs at all points except the hilus

A

visceral pleura

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7
Q

the location where all structures that enter or leave the lung pass

A

hilus of the lung

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8
Q

visceral pleura dips into the fissures that separate the _____

A

lobes of the lungs

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9
Q

Visceral pleura is ____ to pain, containing few nerve fibers

A

insensitive

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10
Q

Visceral pleura does have sufficient blood supply via the _______, which are direct branches of the ______

A

bronchial arteries descending thoracic aorta

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11
Q

Pleura lining the internal surface of the thoracic wall, diaphragm and mediastinum

A

parietal pleura

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12
Q

The ____ has a rich nerve supply and is sensitive to pain

A

parietal pleura

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13
Q

Parietal pleura has a rich supply derived from the:

A

posterior intercostal arteries

internal thoracic arteries

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14
Q

The parietal pleura is subdivided into four parts

A

costal parietal pleura
cupola (cervical) parietal pleura
diaphragmatic parietal pleura
mediastinal parietal pleura

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15
Q

portion of the parietal pleura that lines the sternum, ribs, and intercostal muscles

A

costal parietal pleura

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16
Q

portion of the parietal pleura covering the upper surface of the diaphragm

A

diaphragmatic parietal pleura

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17
Q

Portion of the parietal pleura that forms the lateral boundaries of the mediastinum.

A

mediastinal parietal pleura

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18
Q

Mediastinal parietal pleura lines the ___ and ___ surfaces of the pericardium

A

outer and lateral

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19
Q

Areas where tow parts of the parietal pleura join

A

recess

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20
Q

two recesses of the parietal pleura

A

costomediastinal recess

costodiaphragmatic recess

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21
Q

reflection of parietal pleura at the junction of the costal pleura and the mediastinal pleura

A

costomediastinal recess

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22
Q

The ____ border of the lung fills the costomediastinal recess during strenuous breathing

A

anterior

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23
Q

Reflection of the parietal pleura at the junction of the costal pleura and it’s diaphragmatic pleura

A

costodiaphragmatic recess

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24
Q

The ___ border of the lung fills the costodiaphragmatic recess during strenuous breathing

A

inferior

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25
Q

Space between the parietal pleura and the visceral pleura

A

pleural cavity

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26
Q

The pleural cavity is of ___ thickness and is filled with a thin film of ___

A

capillary; fluid

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27
Q

The pleural cavity is maintained in a state of continuous ____

A

negative pressurw

28
Q

The negative pressure of the pleural cavity keeps the _____ and the lung adjacent to the ______

A

visceral pleura; parietal pleura

29
Q

Any movement in the thoracic wall and the diaphragm is reflected in a corresponding movement of the ___

30
Q

If for any reason the negative pressure of the pleural cavity is lost, the lung would collapse because of its inherent ___

A

elasticity (internal elastic fibers would shorten)

31
Q

Collapse of a lung

A

atelectasis

32
Q

Air in the pleural cavity

A

pneumothorax

33
Q

Space between the right mediastinal pleura and the left mediastinal pleura

A

mediastinum

34
Q

The mediastinum extends from the ___ anteriorly to the ___ posteriorly

A

sternum; vertebral column

35
Q

The mediastinum extends form the level of the _____ superiorly to the ___ inferiorly

A

thoracic inlet; diaphragm

36
Q

The mediastinum is subdivided into four mediastina

A

Anterior
Superior
Middle
Posterior

37
Q

Anterior mediastinum

A

Loose connective tissue

Thymus

38
Q

Superior mediastinum

A 
Thymus
Great vessels (aorta, superior vena cava, pulmonary trunk) 
Brachiocephalic veins
Trachea
Esophagus (25cm) 
Thoracic duct
Vagus nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve
Phrenic nerve
Azygos vein
39
Q

Drains blood from the posterior thoracic wall; drains into superior vena cava

A

azygos vein

40
Q

25 cm long conduit for food from the pharynx to the stomach

41
Q

Middle mediastinum

A

Heart
Great vessels
Pericardium
Phrenic nerve

42
Q

Posterior mediastinum

A 
Thoracic duct
Esophagus
Thoracic duct
Vagus nerve
Azygos vein
Sympathetic trunk
43
Q

Which mediastina is the loose connective tissue in?

44
Q

Which mediastina is the thymus in?

A

Anterior and superior

45
Q

Which mediastina is the great vessels in?

A

Superior and middle

46
Q

Which mediastina is the brachiocephalic veins in?

47
Q

Which mediastina is the trachea in?

48
Q

Which mediastina is the esophagus in?

A

superior and posterior

49
Q

what mediastina is the vagus nerve in?

A

superior and posterior

50
Q

Which mediastina is the recurrent laryngeal nerve in?

51
Q

Which mediastina is the thoracic duct in?

A

superior and posterior

52
Q

Which mediastina is the phrenic nerve in?

A

superior and middle

53
Q

What mediastina is the azygos vein in?

A

superior and posterior

54
Q

Which mediastina is the heart in?

55
Q

What mediastina is the pericardium in?

56
Q

What mediastina is the thoracic sort in ?

57
Q

What mediastina is the sympathetic trunk in?

58
Q

The only structure not in a mediastina?

59
Q

Origin of the diaphragm

A

Periphery posterior to the xiphoid process
Lower 6 ribs
Posterior abdominal wall

60
Q

Insertion of diaphragm

A

central tendom

61
Q

Action of diaphragm

A

inspiration

62
Q

Innervation of diaphragm

A

phrenic nerve

63
Q

Opening of diaphragm are at what vertebral levels?

A

TV8
TV10
TV12

64
Q

The diaphragm opening at TV8

A

canal opening for the inferior vena cava

65
Q

The diaphragm opening at TV10

A

Esophageal hiatus for the esophagus and CNX

66
Q

The diaphragm opening at TV12

A

Aortic hiatus for the aorta

Anatomy (17 decks)

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