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Anatomy > Ch. 19 Larynx > Flashcards

Ch. 19 Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

Cartilaginous organ located at the superior end of the trachea

A

Larynx

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2
Q

Functions of the larynx

A
  1. As a valve to guard the air passages, especially during swallowing food
  2. In maintaining an open air passage
  3. In vocalization
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3
Q

Four major types of cartilages comprising the larynx

A
  1. Thyroid cartilage
  2. Cricoid cartilage
  3. Arytenoid cartilage
  4. Epiglottic cartilage
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4
Q

Largest cartilage of the larynx

A

Thyroid cartilage

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5
Q

two flat plates in the thyroid cartilage fusing anteriorly and diverging posteriorly

A

laminae of the thyroid cartilage

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6
Q

Formed by where the laminae of the thyroid cartilage fuses anteriorly

A

Laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple)

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7
Q

Superior border of thyroid cartilage forms a palpable ___

A

superior thyroid notch

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8
Q

part of the thyroid cartilage that attaches via ligaments to the hyoid bone

A

Superior horn

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9
Q

Part of the thyroid cartilage that articulates with the cricoid cartilage

A

inferior horn

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10
Q

Crosses the lateral surface of the thyroid cartilage of which the strap muscles of the neck attach

A

oblique line

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11
Q

Complete ring of cartilage that forms a shape similar to a ring

A

Cricoid cartilage

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12
Q

Posterior part of the cricoid cartilage in the form of a flat plate

A

lamina

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13
Q

Anterior narrow part of the cricoid cartilage which lies at the level of C6

A

arch

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14
Q

Upper part of the cricoid cartilage articulates with the ______

A

arytenoid cartilages

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15
Q

Lower border of the cricoid cartilage is connected to the first ring of the trachea via the

A

Cricotracheal ligament

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16
Q

Pair of cartilages located at the upper border of the lamina of the cricoid cartilages.

A

Arytenoid cartilages

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17
Q

Arytenoid cartilages are in the shape of a ____ and have ____ above and ___ below

A

pyramids; apex; base

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18
Q

Processes of the Base of the arytenoid cartilage

A

Vocal process

Muscular process

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19
Q

Process of the arytenoid cartilage that extends forward from the base and serves as an attachment for the vocal ligament

A

Vocal process

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20
Q

Process of the arytenoid cartilage that extends laterally and serves as an attachment for the muscles of the larynx

A

Muscular process

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21
Q

Leaf shaped cartilage that extends superiorly and posteriorly from the thyroid cartilage

A

Epiglottic cartilage

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22
Q

Cartilage in which the upper end is quite broad and the lower end narrows

A

Epiglottic cartilage

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23
Q

Narrow end of the epiglottic cartilage that attaches to the thyroid cartilage

A

stalk (petiolus)

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24
Q

Functions in closing the opening into the laryngeal cavity during swallowing

A

Epiglottic cartilage

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25
Q

Smaller cartilage set upon the apices of the arytenoid cartilages

A

Corniculate cartilages

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26
Q

Smaller cartilage located within the fold of the mucous membrane between the arytenoid and the epiglottic cartilages.

A

Cuneiform cartilage

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27
Q

Folds of mucous membrane between the arytenoid and the epiglottic cartilages

A

aryepiglottic folds

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28
Q

Functions of the extrinsic muscles of the larynx

A

Elevators

Depressors

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29
Q

Extrinsic elevator muscles of the larynx

A

Thyrohyoid, stylohyoid, mylohyoid, digastric

the style might die

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30
Q

Extrinsic depressor muscles of the larynx

A

Omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

Oh! SternoHYOID, sternoTHYROID

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31
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the larynx

A 
Cricothyroid
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Lateral cricoarytenoid
Arytenoideus
Thyroarytenoid
Vocalis

CP LAT V

32
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx that extends from the arch of the cricoid to the lamina of the thyroid and inferior horn of thyroid cartilage.

A

Cricothyroid

33
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx extending from the posterior surface of the lamina of the cricoid to the muscular process of the arytenoid.

A

posterior cricoarytenoid

34
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx coursing from the arch of the cricoid to the muscular process of the arytenoid

A

Lateral cricoarytenoid

35
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx connecting the posterior surfaces of the two anytenoids

A

Arytenoideus

36
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx that extends from the medial surface of the lamina of the thyroid cartilage to the muscular process of the arytenoid

A

Thyroarytenoid

37
Q

Intrinsic muscle of the larynx that courses from the internal surface of the thyroid cartilage posteriorly to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage.

38
Q

All intrinsic muscles of the larynx are ____ of the vocal folds with the exception of the _____ which is an _____

A

Adducters, Posterior cricoarytenoid, abducter

39
Q

All intrinsic muscles of the larynx are supplied by the _______ with the exception of the _______ which is supplied by the ______

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve; cricothyroid; superior laryngeal nerve

40
Q

Direct branch of the vagus nerve that divides into two branches that supply the larynx

A

superior laryngeal nerve

41
Q

External branch of the superior laryngeal nerve courses on the _____ to innervate the _____

A

external surface of the larynx; cricothyroid muscle

42
Q

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve pierces the membrane between the ___ and the ___

A

hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage (thyrohyoid membrane)

43
Q

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve supplies sensory innervation to the _________-

A

mucous membrane lining the larynx above the vocal folds

44
Q

Direct branch of the vagus that begins in the throax

A

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

45
Q

The right recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the ____

A

subclavian artery

46
Q

The left loop of the recurrent laryngeal nerve loops around the ___

47
Q

Both R and L recurrent laryngeal nerves ascend to the ___ in the ______

A

larynx; groove between the esophagus and the trachea

48
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies sensory innervation to the ____

A

mucous membrane below the vocal folds.

49
Q

Recurrent laryngeal nerve supplies the majority of the _____ muscles of the larynx

50
Q

Arterial supply to the larynx comes from what two primary vessels?

A
  1. Superior laryngeal artery

2. Inferior laryngeal artery

51
Q

Artery arising from the superior thyroid artery from the external carotid arterysupplying the larynx

A

Superior laryngeal artery

52
Q

Artery arising from the inferior thyroid artery from the thyrocervical turn which arises from the subclavian artery

A

Inferior laryngeal artery

53
Q

Cavity of the larynx is divided into three portions:

A

Vestibule
Ventricle
Infraglottic cavity

54
Q

Portions of the cavity of the larynx are separated from one another by two horizontal folds of mucous membranes:

A

False oval fold

true vocal fold

55
Q

Extends from the aditus or inlet down to the vestibular folds

56
Q

Opening into the larynx from the laryngopharynx

A

aditus or inlet

57
Q

Bounded by the epiglottis anteriorly on each side by the aryepiglottic folds

A

aditus/inlet

58
Q

Function of the closure of the inlet by the epiglottis

A

Protects respiratory passages against invasion of food and FBs

59
Q

Extends from the thyroid cartilage in front to the arytenoid cartilages behind

A

False fold

60
Q

Ligament in each false fold

A

Vestibular ligament

61
Q

Are the false folds involved in voice production?

62
Q

The space between the two false folds of either side

A

rima vestibuli

63
Q

Muscles that adduct the vocal folds also adduct the ____, obliterating the ___

A

vestibular folds; rima vestibuli

64
Q

Adduction of the vestibular folds allows an increase in ______-

A

intrathroacic pressure or intraabdominal pressure during urination, dedication or parturition.

65
Q

Space located on either side of the larynx between the vestibular fold and the true vocal fold below

A

Ventricle of Morgagni

66
Q

Functions in allowing free movement of the vocal folds

A

Ventricle of Morgagni

67
Q

bind the ventricle of Morgagni inferiorly

A

true vocal folds

68
Q

Folds of mucous membrane that contain the vocals muscle and the vocal ligament

A

True vocal folds

69
Q

Extend from the angle of the thyroid cartilage in front to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilages behind

A

true vocal folds.

70
Q

Space that lies between the two true vocal folds, representing the narrowest part of the laryngeal cavity

A

rima glottidis

71
Q

True vocal fods control the air passing through the ____ and thus are important for voice production

A

rima glottidis

72
Q

attaches the epiglottis to the posterior tongue

A

Median glossoepiglottic fold

73
Q

of median glossoepiglottic folds

74
Q

Attaches the epiglottis to the pharynx

A

lateral glossoepiglottic folds

75
Q

of lateral glossoepiglottic folds

76
Q

Between the median and lateral folds are depressions called ___ in which saliva collects from the posterior tongue

A

epiglottic valleculae

77
Q

Important landmarks during intubation

A

epiglottic valleculae

Anatomy (17 decks)

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