Ch 8 Flashcards
E filing
what does an e file alleviate
stress and pressure put on hands/wrists reducing indidence of CTD
what is CTD
Cumulatieve trauma disorder
what are efiles also known as
micromotor machines
how is the speed of an efile measured
rpms (revolutions per minute) number of times bit spins per minute. vary between 5k and 35k rpm, WORK IN MIDDLE RANGE - PROLONGS MOTOR
what is torque
power of the machine and its ability to keep turning when you apply pressure during filing
high torque
high torque=more power= lower speed
lower torque
low torque=less power= higher speed
where is the motor located in the efile
in the handpiece.
where does handpiece connect
into the transformer which conducts the electricity from the wall into the machine
what type of efile should you look for
Powerful machine with high rpms
what is the most valuable tool you will use in nail services
efile
what is a chuck
twist lock for changing bits
what causes CTD
handpieces that vibrate - any repetitive motions
concentric bits
balanced bit that does not vibrate or wobble
what type of bits should you look for
beveled edges that are not sharp
how is grit measured
by the number or abrasive particles per square Inch. the coarser the grit, the lower the grit number will be
what are the 4 main types of bits used in salon services
diamond, carbide, silicone and natural
Diamond bit
made from real and synthetic diamonds that chip the surface of product. back and forth motion. most commonly used in medium grit
carbide bit
made from carbide metal.has grooves called FLUTES. Shave down the surface REDUCES DUST. Wider space between flutes=coarser the bit. Closer the flutes, finer the bit
swiss carbide
have rounded edges for safety reduces cutting skin. best for beginners. crosscut. can be used in back and forth motion in forward and reverse. smooth finish
silicone bit
pencil eraser, range from coarse to fine. lightly skims the surface to remove extra dead cuticle or to shine nails. MEDIUM grit for natural nails
natural bits: chamois, cotton and goat hair bits
to apply buffing cream to a high gloss finish. available in natural, synthetic or leather
what is Goa hair bits used best for
removing dust or chrome powders from the skin around the nail after gel is applied and cured
tapered barrel bits
shorter / cone shaped fine bit with flat top. can be used to shape the top of nail enhancement. use at a flat angle and at cuticle/ sidewalls. can also be used to prep cuticles area for fill
French fill bit
made in diamond style only. ndesigned to use sideways to carve a V into smile line during pink and white backfill
natural nail disc
diamond surface used flat or on tip of nail to shorten and shape the free edge. outer edge is made of metal/plastic and acts as a safety edge
pedicure bits
usually cone shaped, made of diamond/sapphire. work best for smoothing and contouring dry calloused skin. used on slow/medium speed to file hand calluses and get into difficult spaces on the foot. slow/medium speed in one direction only. longer shanks and hollowed centers to avoid heating up too quickly
prepare bits
similar to tapered barrel bit but slightly smaller. use fine grit on natural nail to prep cuticle area for enhancements
Sanding/arbor bands
one use only paper bits that slip onto mandrel. made of abrasive paper like a file/ CANNOT be disinfected. used for shortening and shaping top surface of nails or removing gel. DO NOT use on natural nail. generate high head and dust causing very small particles, stay airborne and enter breathing zone. always use with dust extractor
jewelry/specialty bit
long slender carbide bits used to drill holes into free edge to attach jewelry.
How to disinfect metal bits
remove dirty bit when not being used
replace dirty bit with a blank in between clients
wash/disinfect bits between every service
how long should you leave bits in disinfectant solution
no longer than 10 mins- can cause rust
how to hold efile
like a pencil, stable hands. balance hands by using pinky finger as the fulcrum finger
speed for surface work
fast speed
speed for cuticle work
slow speed
speed for maintenance
medium speed
surface work
hold bit flat to the nail so the center of the bit makes contact with the nail.
cuticle work
use medium silicone bit on slow speed. remove dead tissue by moving back and forth slowly from L to R. hold bit flat at cuticle area so at least 50% of the bit makes contact with the nailm
maintenance (fills)
use a medium bit to smooth old growth. keep bit parallel to the nail and reduce product to natural nail without touching nail itself. use bit with round tipped safety edge.
what to do after you prepped the nail for a fill
remove dust with clean brush. use medium barrel or Swiss carbide bit on the tips to thin down thickness from stress area to the tip. remove 75% of product at an angle
what sizes do backfill barrel bits come in
4 types:
1 week
2 week
half barrel
French fill
how to repair cracks
flat tipped barrel, backfill or bullet bit. place sideways into crack and make a trench with the body of bit exposing crack so new product can fill groove.
how NOT to remove lifted product
NEVER TRIM with nippers, this causes product to lift from natural nail causing damage to nail plate.
how to shape top surface of nail
use barrel, sanders or tapered barrel bit to shape surface.place flat on the nail back and forth. angle so bottom of bit on bottom of nail and center of bit in center of nail. angle finger down at free edge and bevel product in front of growth area
never angle front of bit down toward cuticle area. this creates cutting edge and can cause damage to nail
how to shorten nails
use medium or coarse barrel bit.hold to tip of nailnat 90 degree angle. use a faster RPM quickly moving back and forth while pushing in towards nail on free edge
cuticle work
use medium silicone bit on slow speed. never use a metal plate on natural nails
graduating grits
key to finishing nails with no scratches. graduate from coarser to finer. remove dust each time in between changing bits as you graduate. smoother finish
how to shape C curves
barrel shaped ir tapered bits, use under free edge to refine c curves
what do buffing oils do
reduce heat and holding dust on surface of bit. use sparingly, can go up into neck to handpiece and cause damage. after rubbing oil into nails, remove all oil before polishing or using UV/LED gel sealants for better adhesion
what us high shine buffing
used to shine after filing to smooth finish. if it doesn’t shine, you didn’t smooth nails enough before buffing. use chamois bit for best shine result
how to do natural nail work
use a natural rubber synthetic bit to prep nail plate by pushing gently toward cuticle. this removes dead tissue from nail plate safely. can also use natural nail bit to smooth surface of natural nail at a slow speed, holding flat to the nail
NEVER use metal or sanding bit on natural nails
UV/GEL NAILS
more soft and dessert than acrylic. apply less pressure when filing. use at a lower speed. do not use drilling solution or oil with light cured products
what bits to use when removing hard gel
Diamond bit- medium grit
carbide bit- medium or fine grit
swiss carbide- (coarse, blue band)
how to remove hard gel
medium speed, file down evenly almost to natural nail, once it is very thin it can be lifted off nail easily.
how to remove gel polish
soak off with acetone, can be carefully removed by acrylic or UV LED products with efile and Swiss carbide bit. do not use efile on natural nail- soak them off
how to remove gel from hard gel or acrylic
low to medium speed, bit parallel to table, smooth strokes, angle finger when removing near sides and growth of natural nail, clean and disinfect.
e filing for pedis
make sure feet are dry and soft before working on calluses. diamond, stainless steel, ruby, sapphire bits can be used to shorten toenails and reduce thick areas of skin/calluses. do not use sanding band on pedis. medium grit medium speed. graduate grits
calluses for pedis
exfoliating, creams, lotions can clog surface of bit quickly so rinse foot before using pedi bit. make sure feet are fully dry before filing. use bit in ONE DIRECTION to reduce calluses but 70-80% do not remove too much, just reduce. they’re there for a reason. do not apply too much pressureh
how to reduce dust
use carbide / Swiss carbide bits. for liquid / powder products use a drilling solution with fine and extra fine diamond bits before polishing/shining
microshattering
as nails age with wear, become brittle and develop tiny cracks. can also be caused by aggressive filing with or without efile. easier to cause with efile. can also be due to improper speed, poor quality/bent bits, too coarse, using handpiece at wrong angle.
ring of fire
caused by holding barrel bit at wrong angle and pressing down on the front/top edge of the bit. do not press down. keep bit parallel to nail and angle finger down. compensate for pressure with speed
how to disinfect metal file bits
wear gloves. remove debris with clean nail brush aggressively. could soak in acetone to soften hardened product. brush and rinse with warm running water and wash with soap, nail brush and warm water thoroughly through grooves. rinse away soap (soap causes disinfectants to become less effective) dry bits with disposable towel or air dry on clean towel
then immerse clean bits in disinfectant container so they are completely immersed. (in EPA registered hospital liquid disinfectant) for 10 mins. rinse and dry thoroughly.
store disinfected bits in clean dry container until needed. remove gloves and wash hands
