Ch 7 Flashcards
a phenotype generally results form the functioning of one or more…
genotypes?
genes?
what protein performs transcription
RNA polymerase
what performs translation
tRNAs, ribosomes
in prokaryotes, transcription and translation are ______
coupled
sense is to ______, as
anti-sense is to _____
coding
template/ non-coding
___ codons account for ____ amino acids
64 codons for 20 amino acids
genome definition
the totality of DNA in a cell
transcriptome definition
total transcripts present at a given time
proteome definition
all the types and numbers of proteins expressed at a given time
most prokaryotic genomes possess a
single circular chromosome
size of prokaryotic genome
500,000 to 9 mill bp
prokaryotic gene structure includes
structural genes, control sequences, operon and regulons
regulon function
control multiple operons
operon =
promoter + operator + structural genes
plasmid definition
small, extrachromosomal, circular DNA segments 2-25 kbp in size
_________ can bind to operator, blocking transcription
regulatory proteins
plasmids replicate _____ of the main chromosome
independently
a cistron is also called
a gene
sigma factors function
guiding RNA polymerase to the promoters
conjugation refers to
cell to cell transfer of plasmids
features of plasmids
-autonomous; possess an ori
-copy number (low/high)
can plasmids integrate or transfer
yes, some can
R factor definition
resistance to antibiotics
F factor definition
fertility (transfer of plasmids)
