Ch 1 again

Question 1

microbes require a _____ to be observed

Answer 1

microscope

Question 2

robert hooke accomplishments

Answer 2

-first microscope (3oX)
-viewed macroscopic life
-published drawings in micrographia

Question 3

antonie van leeuwenhoek was the first to

Answer 3

observe single-celled microbes (animalcules)

Question 4

are microbes typically uni or multi cellular

Answer 4

UNIcellular

Question 5

microbes can live as

Answer 5

singles, filaments, chains, clusters

Question 6

size ranges of microbial types

Answer 6

eukaryotes: 20-100 micro
prokaryotes: 1-10 micro
viruses: 20-900 nm

Question 7

examples of cellular microbes

Answer 7

fungi - yeasts, molds
protista - algae, protozoa
bacteria - e coli
archae - cyanobacteria

Question 8

acellular microbes types and composition

Answer 8

viruses - protein, nucleic acid
viroids - RNA
prions - protein

Question 9

bacteria and archaea are ______ while fungi and protists are _______

Answer 9

prokaryotes; eukaryotes

Question 10

prokaryotic properties

Answer 10

-lack a nucleus & organelles; single circular chromosome; asexual reproduction; cell wall is common
-diverse metabolisms: auto or heterotroph
-archea: “extremophiles”

Question 11

eukaryotic properties

Answer 11

-larger, possess nucleus, organelles, reproduce asexually or sexually
multiple, linear chromosomes

Question 12

Thermophiles properties

Answer 12

-grow optimally at extreme temperatures; 70-110 C
-hyperthermophiles >80 C
-aerobic/anaerobic
-sulfer metabolizers

Question 13

methanogens properties

Answer 13

-produce methane
-anaerobic
-found in sewage treatment plants, landfills, ruminant animals
-thermophilic types

Question 14

halophile properties

Answer 14

-require 12-30% NaCl for growth
-non-chlorophyll based, photosynthetic types
-aerobic

Question 15

viruses definition

Answer 15

RNA or DNA containing Acellular particles; parasitic requiring a host cell
-takes over host cell machinery to replicate

Question 16

super-sized cells properties

Answer 16

-visible to naked eye
-sulfir-oxidizing thiomargarita magnifica; (10mm) also a few algal species and fungal species
-bubble algae up to 9 cm

Question 17

microbial communities properties

Answer 17

-multicellular assemblages; biofilms
-cells comprising tissues
-are NOT microbes

Question 18

multicellular “microanimals”

Answer 18

are NOT microbes

Question 19

microbial family tree