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Med Term > Ch. 6-Skeletal system > Flashcards

Ch. 6-Skeletal system Flashcards

0
Q

acr/o

A

Extremity

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1
Q

acetabul/o

A

Acetabulum

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2
Q

ankyl/o

A

Stiffening, crooked

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3
Q

arthr/o

A

Joint

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4
Q

burs/o

A

A pouch

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5
Q

calcan/e

A

Heel bone

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6
Q

carp/o

A

Wrist

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7
Q

chondr/o

A

Cartilage

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8
Q

clavicul/o

A

Clavicle, collar bone

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9
Q

coccyg/e

A

Coccyx, tailbone

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10
Q

coccyg/o

A

Coccyx, tailbone

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11
Q

coll/a

A

Glue

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12
Q

cost/o

A

Rib

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13
Q

crani/o

A

Skull

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14
Q

dactyl/o

A

Finger or toe

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15
Q

femor/o

A

Femur

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16
Q

fibul/o

A

Fibula

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17
Q

fixat/o

A

Fastened

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18
Q

humer/o

A

Humerus

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19
Q

ili/o

A

Ilium

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20
Q

isch/i

A

Ischium, hip

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21
Q

kyph/o

A

A hump

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22
Q

lamin/o

A

Lamina (thin plate)

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23
Q

lord/o

A

Bending, curve, swayback

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24
Q

lumb/o

A

Loin, lower back

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25
Q

mandibul/o

A

Lower jawbone

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26
Q

maxill/o

A

Jawbone

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27
Q

menisc/I

A

Crescent

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28
Q

myel/o

A

Bone marrow

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29
Q

oste/o

A

Bone

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30
Q

patell/o

A

Kneecap

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31
Q

ped/o

A

Foot

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32
Q

phalang/e

A

Phalanges

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33
Q

rad/i

A

Radius

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34
Q

radi/o

A

X-ray

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35
Q

rheumat/o

A

Discharge

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36
Q

sacr/o

A

Sacrum

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37
Q

sarc/o

A

Flesh

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38
Q

scapul/o

A

Shoulder blade

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39
Q

scoli/o

A

Curvature

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40
Q

spin/o

A

Spine

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41
Q

spondyl/o

A

Vertebra

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42
Q

stern/o

A

Sternum, breastbone

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43
Q

tendon/o

A

Tendon

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44
Q

tibi/o

A

Tibia

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45
Q

tract/o

A

To draw

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46
Q

uln/o

A

Ulna

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47
Q

vertebr/o

A

Vertebra

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48
Q

xiph/o

A

Sword

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49
Q

Bones

A
  • primary organs of skeletal system, composed of 50% water and 50% osseous tissue
  • provide framework and support for body and protection for internal organs
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50
Q

Cartilage

A

Major portion of embryonic skeleton and part of adult skeleton

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51
Q

Tendons

A

Attach muscles to bones

52
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bones, cartilages, and other structures

53
Q

How many bones in the skeletal system?

54
Q

Osteoblasts

A

Bone forming cells

55
Q

Endochondral ossification

A

Cartilage breaks down and is replaced by osteoblasts in second month of life

56
Q

Flat bones

A

Ribs, scapula, skull bones

57
Q

Long bones

A

Femur, tibia, humerus, radius

58
Q

Short bones

A

Carpals and tarsals

59
Q

Irregular

A

Vertebrae, ossicles of ear

60
Q

Sesamoid

61
Q

Wormian

A

Sutural; between bones of the skull

62
Q

Epiphysis

A

Ends of a developing bone

63
Q

Diaphysis

A

Shaft of a long bone

64
Q

Periosteum

A

Fibrous vascular membrane that forms covering of bones

65
Q

Compact bone

A

Aka cortical bone, dense and hard layer of bone tissue

66
Q

Medullary canal

A

Narrow space of cavity throughout bone length

67
Q

Spongy bone

A

Aka cancellous bone, reticular network that makes up most of the volume

68
Q

Joint

A

Articulation, place where two or moe bones connect

69
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Years of wear and tear; synovial fluid loses ability to lubricate and bones rub together and break down cartilage. Suffer mostly at night because they are on it all day

70
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Autoimmune disease where the cells in the synovial lining replicate and cause inflammation which leads to destruction of surrounding structures

71
Q

Synarthrosis joint

A

Aka fibrous joint, does not permit movement

Ex) cranial suture

72
Q

Amphiarthrosis joint

A

Aka cartilaginous joint, very slight movement

Ex) vertebrae

73
Q

Diarthrosis joint

A

Aka synovial joint, free range of movement

Ex) hip, knee, elbow, wrist

74
Q

Abduction

A

Moving away from the middle

75
Q

Adduction

A

Moving toward the middle

76
Q

Circumduction

A

Moving a body part in a circular motion

77
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

Bending a body part backward

78
Q

Eversion

A

Turning outward

79
Q

Inversion

A

Turning inward

80
Q

Flexion

A

Bending a limb

81
Q

Extension

A

Straightening a flexed limb

82
Q

Pronation

A

Turning downward

83
Q

Supination

A

Turning upward

84
Q

4 sections of vertebral column

A

Cervical-7
Thoracic-12
Lumbar-5
Sacral-sacrum and coccyx

85
Q

Closed, or simple fracture

A

Internal break that does not puncture the skin

86
Q

Open or compound fracture

A

Fracture punctures the skin

87
Q

Transverse fracture

A

Broken straight across the bone

88
Q

Comminuted

A

Broken into more than one piece

89
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

One side of the shaft is broken and the other is bent

90
Q

Colles fracture

A

Break in distal portion of radius (near the wrist) and usually occurs when reaching out to cushion a fall

91
Q

Compression fracture

A

Due to the collapse of a vertebra

92
Q

Vertebral compression

A

Severe band-like pain resulting from compression fractures. Repeated compression fractures can lead to chronic lower back pain or spine curvature

93
Q

Epiphyseal fracture

A

Occurs in epiphyseal growth plate in children

94
Q

Stress fracture

A

Occurs during the course of normal activity

Ex) patients with osteoporosis develop stress fractures of the feet stepping off a curb

95
Q

Hip fracture

A

Usually occurs as a result of a fall or osteoporosis

96
Q

Kyphosis

A

Thoracic curvature becomes exaggerated producing “humpback”

97
Q

Lordosis

A

Anterior curvature of lumbar spine(belly protrudes), “swayback”

98
Q

Scoliosis

A

Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

99
Q

Anti-inflammatory agents

A

Steroidal (corticosteroids) and nonsteroidal. Relieves symptoms of inflammation.
Ex) prednisone

100
Q

Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs)

A

Ridaura and plaquenil

101
Q

COX-2 Inhibitors

A

Celebrex, mobic

102
Q

Antitumor Necrosis Factor (Anti-TNF) Drugs

103
Q

Gout treating agents

104
Q

Postmenopausal osteoporosis drugs

A
  • antiresorptive agents decrease removal of calcium from bones-Boniva
  • estrogen hormone therapy-Premarin
105
Q

Analgesics

A

Relieve pain, narcotic or non-narcotic
Narcotic-Demerol and Percocet
Non-narcotic- Tylenol, aspirin, ibuprofen

106
Q

Arthrography

A

Diagnostic examination of a joint where a radiopaque contrast medium is injected

107
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Examining internal structures of a joint via arthroscope

108
Q

Arthroscope

A

Surgical instrument used to examine the interior of a joint
arthr/o joint
-scope instrument for examining

109
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Surgical procedure to repair a joint
arthr/o joint
-plasty surgical repair

110
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of a bursa
burs a pouch
-itis inflammation

111
Q

Carpal

A

Pertaining to the 8 wrist bones
carp/o wrist
-al pertaining to

112
Q

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A

Abnormal condition caused by compression of median nerve by carpal ligament due to injury or trauma

113
Q

Cartilage

A

Fibrous tissue found at the ends of bone; major portions of embryonic skeleton
cartil gristle
-age related to

114
Q

Collagen

A

Fibrous insoluble protein found in connective tissue, skin, ligaments, and cartilage
coll/a glue
-gen formation, produce

115
Q

Connective

A

Literally means nature of connecting or binding together
connect to bind together
-ive nature of

116
Q

Dislocation

A

Displacement of a bone from a joint
dis- apart
locat to place
-ion process

117
Q

Gout

A

Hereditary metabolic disease that is a form of acute arthritis marked by joint inflammation. Usually affects finger, knee, and foot joints

118
Q

Ligament

A

Band of fibrous connective tissue that connects bones, cartilages, and other structures

119
Q

Meniscus

A

Crescent shaped structure found in certain joints, especially the lateral and medial menisci of the knee
menisc crescent
-us structure

120
Q

Osteochondritis

A

Inflammation of bone and cartilage
oste/o bone
chondr/o cartilage
-itis inflammation

121
Q

Patellar

A

Pertaining to the kneecap
patell kneecap
-ar pertaining to

122
Q

Phosphorus

A

Essential mineral in bone formation and muscle contraction
phos light
phor carrying
-us pertaining to

123
Q

Polyarthritis

A

Inflammation of more than one joint
poly- many
arthr joint
-itis inflammation

124
Q

Radiograph

A

Film or record on which an X-ray is produced
radi/o x-ray
graph record

125
Q

Sprain

A

Traumatic injury to tendons, muscles, or ligaments around a joint characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration

126
Q

Tendinitis

A

Inflammation of a tendon
tendin tendon
-itis inflammation

127
Q

Tennis elbow

A

Chronic condition characterized by elbow pain caused by excessive rotation of forearm usually caused by strain

128
Q

Traction

A

Process of drawing or pulling on bones or muscles or relieve displacement and facilitate healing
tract to draw
-ion process

Med Term (15 decks)

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