Ch. 6 Increasing Healthy Behaviors Flashcards
healthy behaviors
any specific behaviors that maintain and enhance health
health education
term for the collection of efforts to teach people to liimit behaviors detrimental to their health and increase behaviors that are conductive to health
- pay attention to a range of factors
factors health education focus on
1) individual relationships
2) interpersonal relationships
3) institutions
4) community
5) public policy
Leading Health Indicators
most important health behaviors
Healthy People 2020
a program that involves 42 topic areas with nearly 600 objectives
transtheoretical model (TTM)
major theory of health behavior change that identifies common themes across different intervention theories and notes that we process through different stages as we think about, attempt to, and finally change any specific behavior
precontemplation
(stage in TTM)
people are not aware that they are practicing a behavior that is unhealthy or do not intend to take any action to change a behavior (especially not in the next 6 months)
contemplation
(stage in TTM)
people recognize they may be doing something unhealthy and then intend to change (w/in the next month)
preparation
(stage in TTM)
people are ready to take action to change the behavior
- generate a plan
- have specific ideas of how to change
action
(stage in TTM)
people are actually changing their behavior
- change has to have taken place over the last six months
- should involve active efforts to change the behavior
maintenance
(stage of TTM)
people try to not fall back into performing their unhealhty behaviors or relapsing
- may still be changing their behaviors and performing new behaviors but not as often as in action stage
termination
(stage of TTM)
people no longer tempted by the unhealthy behavior they have changed
Health Belief Model (HBM)
one of the first theoretical approaches to studying why we behave the way that we do
HBM concentration
our beliefs relating to the effectiveness, ease, and consequences of doing (or not doing) a certain behavior will determine whether we do (or do not do) that behavior
self-efficacy
the conviction that one can successfully execute the behavior required to produce the outcome
intervention
specific program designed to assess levels of behaviors, introduce ways to change them, measure whether change has occurred, and assess the impact the change
According to the demographic factors discussed in class and the text, which of following individuals is most likely to practice good health behaviors?
a. Joan, a 45-year-old high school dropout who works 2 jobs to support her family
b. Janet, a 30-year-old high school graduate who is a file clerk in a small store and will be married next month
c. Doug, a divorced 50-year-old corporate attorney
d. David, a 35-year-old assistant professor who has just celebrated his eighth wedding anniversary
d. David, a 35-year-old assistant professor who has just celebrated his eighth wedding anniversary
The specific field that stresses the relevance of political, economic, and social factors in health is:
a. health psychology
b. medical sociology
c. epidemiology
d. health education
d. health education
Personality plays a big role in heath. For example, people high in the trait of ______ report more medical problems and more visits to the doctor.
a. conscientiousness
b. open to experience
c. extraversion
d. neuroticism
d. neuroticism
According to the Health Beliefs Model, health behaviors are strongly linked to:
a. beliefs in threat
b. stages of change
c. social norms
d. age and sex
a. beliefs in threat
Which of the following is not a major component of the Health Beliefs Model? Belief in:
a. susceptibility
b. consequences
c. effectiveness
d. social norms
d. social norms
The theory of planned behavior focuses on a person’s:
a. attitudes toward health
b. intentions to the behavior
c. beliefs about the behavior
d. plans to change behavior
b. intentions to the behavior
It is not enough to only know a person’s perceptions of what the social norms are to predict if they will change their health behavior. You must also assess their:
a. motivation to comply
b. self-efficiacy
c. age and sex
d. perception of vulnerability
a. motivation to comply
As we think about changing our health behaviors, we progress through different stages. The best health psychological model to get at this is the:
a. Health Beliefs Model
b. Theory of Planned Behavior
c. Transtheoretical Model
d. Health Action Process Approach
c. Transtheoretical Model
Relapsing, or falling back into performing unhealthy behaviors is the biggest problem in which stage of the Transtheoretical Model?
a. termination
b. contemplation
c. action
d. maintenance
d. maintenance
To change a behavior, the very first thing a person should do is spend a week or so and use:
a. self-monitoring
b. operant conditioning
c. classical conditioning
d. self-control
a. self-monitoring
