Ch. 12 Culture & Cancer Flashcards
neoplasm
cells that show abnormal growth
malignant
cancerous tumors
benign
noncancerous tumors
metastasize
spread to other parts of the body
carcinoma
cancer that start in the surface layers of the body or epithelial cells
- accounts for bulk of cancer cases
- seen in the most common sites
sarcoma
cancer of the muscles, bones & cartilage
lymphoma
cancer of the lymphatic system
leukemia
cancer found in the blood & bone marrow
TNM system
most common method used to stage cancer
- T describes the size of the tumor & whether cancer has spread to nearby tissues/organs
- N describes how far the cancer had spread to nearby lymph nodes
- M indicates the extent to which the cancer has metastasized
incidence
rate of newly diagnosed cases of the disease
fatalism
the belief that a person w/ cancer cannot live a normal life & will die
benefit finding
finding meaning in a chronic illness & growing
diagnostic surgery
process of removing a small amount of tissue either to identify a cancer or to make a diagnosis
staging surgery
treatment to ascertain in which stage of development the cancer is
- helps determine how far the cancer has spread & provides a clinical stage for growth
curative surgery
treatment for cancer used to remove the growth
debulking surgery
surgery treatment to reduce the tumor mass in cancer
palliative surgery
treatment used to treat complications of advanced disease (not as a cure)
restorative energy
treatment used to improve a person’s appearance after curative surgery
(ie) after mastectomy
mastectomy
breast removal
radiation therapy
treatment involving the use of radioactive particles aimed at the DNA of the cancer cells in order to disable them
immunotherapy
treatment involving the activation of the body’s own immune system to fight cancer or other diseases
Health Belief Model (HBM)
model used most often to guide interventions to increase screening
Health Belief Model (HBM)
model used most often to guide interventions to increase screening behavior
Health Belief Model (HBM)
model used most often to guide interventions to increase screening behavior
Cancer is the _______ cause of death in America.
a. leading
b. second leading
c. third leading
d. fourth leading
b. second leading
Cancer is best defined as:
a. an illness caused by the presence of a malignant tumor
b. a mutated cell
c. a cell w/ retarded growth
d. a cell w/ accelerated growth
a. an illness caused by the presence of a malignant tumor
Not all cells w/ abnormal cell growth are cancerous. The type that destroys healthy tissue is referred to as
a. neoplasmic
b. malignant
c. benign
d. mutatn
b. malignant
Cancer causing substances are referred to as
a. carcinogens
b. malignancies
c. teratogens
d. neoplasmas
a. carcinogens
The most common site for cancer for men is the
a. lungs
b. prostate glands
c. colon
d. pancreas
a. lungs
Cancers that start at the surface layers of the body are called
a. lymphomas
b. carcinomas
c. sarcomas
d. leukemias
b. carcinomas
________ have the highest general cancer incidence rates in America.
a. Asian Americans
b. African Americans
c. European Americans
d. Latinos
b. African Americans
_______ believe that cancer is punishment for one’s action or that of a family member and that one must bear the pain to protect other members of one’s communities.
a. African Americans
b. Laotians
c. American Indians
d. Latinos
c. American Indians
The single most dangerous health behavior in context of cancer is
a. smoking
b. drinking alcohol
c. not exercising
d. eating badly
a. smoking
The health psychological model that is most commonly used to get people to get screened for cancer when they should is
a. the Health Belief Model
b. the Theory of Planned Behavior
c. the Transtheoretical Model
d. Social Norm Marketing
a. the Health Belief Model
