ch. 6 development Flashcards
motor development starts with
reflexes
sucking is first (automatic response)
ex: when something is placed in infants mouth, automatically start sucking
rooting
ex: stroking the side of an infants cheek, turn and open there mouth
grasping
ex: infant grabbing an adult hand, only reflex it’s strong
stepping
ex: holding a baby, while they walk this reflex disappears before begin to walk
babinkski (spirit fingers)
ex: stroke bottom of a babies foot, they will curl there toes
moro
ex: when a baby arches there back, there arms will go out
all the reflexes when infant
they all disappear
3 months as infant
prone-pushing up with hands to hold up head, requires a lot of muscle strength
5-6 months infant
sit up without support, ability to balance hands are free
8- 10 months infant
crawling/ gaining independence
12 months infant
takes first steps
cognitive development/ jean piaget
pioneers in the field of development psychology, did his own theories on his children, believed children learned but acting
scheme
mental representation of a specific object, what it does/what it’s for
assimilation
a new object is added to an existing scheme
accommodation
schemes are changed, created or expanded in response to a new object
operation
a reversible action ex: playing with playdough
piaget’s development stages
sensorimotor stage
sensorimotor stage
roughly birth-2years children develop schemes for acting on objects physically present
sensorimotor children
have difficulty conceptualizing absent objects
object permanence
realizing an object continues to exist when out of sight ex: children graduate when they can represent
absent objects
gain object permanence, use symbols to represent objects, pretend play
preoperational
roughly 2-7 years, can use symbols to represent absent objects
centration
focusing on only the most obvious feature of an object or situation, easily captured by surface features
conservation tasks
an operation is performed that changes only the appearance of the objects mass, volume, length, number
to pass the stages
children must realize nothing else changed, Fail because they focus on appearance, not perform mental operations
Many children graduate by overcoming
centration
