ch. 14 social psychology

Question 1

social influence

Answer 1

when the presence of others influences our behaviors

Question 2

conformity

Answer 2

tendency to alter behavior as a result of group pressure ex: being too close to someone in the elevator

Question 3

why do we conform

Answer 3

two reasons - informational influence

-normative influence

Question 4

informational influence

Answer 4

others might know better.

Question 5

normative influence

Answer 5

we want to fit in.

Question 6

Asch experiments

Answer 6

tested whether people conform and why, subjects seated in a group of 6-8 people

Question 7

what did the asch experiment ask them to perform

Answer 7

asked them to perform a simple visual perception task, but you are the only subject, the rest are actors (confederates)

Question 8

what are the actors (confederates) instructed to do

Answer 8

confederates are instructed to give the wrong answer, the actual subject is seated second to last

Question 9

the results of the asch experiment

Answer 9

75% of subjects confirmed at least once, some on all and some only 1 or 2 trials

Question 10

on average how much did the subjects conform

Answer 10

the subjects confirmed about 40% of the time

Question 11

what happened in another version?

Answer 11

subjects were asked to write down their answers instead of say them

Question 12

what happened with the written answers

Answer 12

much less conformity in written answers

Question 13

why did subjects conform?

Answer 13

suggest normative influence is responsible

Question 14

what are some factors that influence conformity

Answer 14

unanimity, group size, differences in wrong answers

Question 15

unanimity

Answer 15

if another person gave the correct answer, conformity dropped

Question 16

differences in wrong answers

Answer 16

if others differed from the majority, conformity dropped

Question 17

group size

Answer 17

a larger group resulted in greater conformity up to 5-6 people

Question 18

Kitty Genovese

Answer 18

famous because she was attacked in the middle of her apartment complex, neighbors watching did nothing

Question 19

Bystander nonintervention

Answer 19

the presence of others makes us less likely to act in emergencies

Question 20

why is there bystander nonintervention?

Answer 20

two reasons-pluralistic ignorance and diffusion of responsibility

Question 21

pluralistic ignorance

Answer 21

error of assuming no one in a group perceives things as we do

Question 22

social referencing

Answer 22

looks to others for cues. we tend to act in accordance with others.

Question 23

diffusion of responsibility

Answer 23

the presence of others makes each person feel less personally responsible