Ch. 6

Question 1

what element makes protein different from carbohydrate and fat

Answer 1

nitrogen

Question 2

what dictates the structure of a protein molecule synthesized by the body

Answer 2

the dna inside the nucleus of the cell

Question 3

what is not part of an amino acid molecule

Answer 3

a fatty acid group

Question 4

what part of an individual amino acid distinguishes it from other amino acids

Answer 4

side chain

Question 5

the part of the protein molecule that carries nitrogen is the

Answer 5

amine group

Question 6

in phenylketonuria PKU what amino acid becomes conditionally essential

Answer 6

tyrosine

Question 7

polypeptides are a string of ___ amino acids

Answer 7

more than 10

Question 8

a proteins ___ structure refers to the twisting spiral shaped formed by the sequence and chemical properties of its amino acid

Answer 8

secondary

Question 9

a complete protein ___

Answer 9

contains all 9 essential amino acids

Question 10

the process of transferring the amine group form one amino acid to another s called ___

Answer 10

transamination

Question 11

two amino acids are joined together by a peptide bond to form a dipeptide. what is the by-product of this process

Answer 11

water

Question 12

what food would be a source of a complete protein

Answer 12

chicken

Question 13

egg whites stiffen when they are whipped. the change that occurs in the protein is called ___

Answer 13

denaturation

Question 14

in what structure of the mammalian cell are proteins synthesized

Answer 14

ribosome

Question 15

how do proteins differ from carbohydrates and fats

Answer 15

proteins contain nitrogen

Question 16

the process through which mRNA copies genetic information from DNA and carries it to the ribosome is called

Answer 16

transcription

Question 17

which of the following is the most complete protein from a plant source.

Answer 17

soybeans

Question 18

of the 20 amino acids relevant to the human body, how many are considered nonessential

Answer 18

11

Question 19

a ___ is a body protein that is stored in a gland and secreted to an organ to restore normal body conditions or balance

Answer 19

hormone

Question 20

in the body, buffers are very important in ___

Answer 20

maintaining acid-base balance in the body

Question 21

what is not a major function of protein in the body

Answer 21

providing energy to the body

Question 22

what protein is fundamental to the immune system

Answer 22

antibodies

Question 23

proteases are

Answer 23

enzymes that break down protein in the small intestine

Question 24

conduction of nerve signals and contraction of muscles depends on the propper balance of ___

Answer 24

electrolytes

Question 25

significant chemical digestion of protein begins in the ___

Answer 25

stomach

Question 26

the process of combining two incomplete proteins to make a complete protein is called___

Answer 26

mutual supplementation

Question 27

who would be most likely to be in positive nitrogen balance

Answer 27

a 29 yo woman that is 6 months pregnatn

Question 28

to conserve body protein for its vital functions and not use it to provide energy, you should ___

Answer 28

eat adequate amounts of carbohydrate and fat to conserve protein for other functions

Question 29

what is not typically a nutrient of concern for vegans

Answer 29

vitamin c

Question 30

the type of vegetarian who eats vegetables, grains, fruits, eggs, and milk but excludes all other types of animal protein is called a ___

Answer 30

lacto-ovo vegetarian

Question 31

the type of proten energy malnutiriton characterized by a general lack of protein in the diet is called ___

Answer 31

kwashiorkor

Question 32

during the process of protein synthesis, ___ is the steop in whcih messenger rna is decoded into an amino acid sequence at the cells ribosome

Answer 32

translation

Question 33

the absorption of proteins occures in the ___

Answer 33

small intestine

Question 34

an acid-base imbalance can result in ___

Answer 34

coma and death

Question 35

what health problem is not associated with high protein intakes

Answer 35

sickle cell anemia

Question 36

what supplement would you recommend to a vegan

Answer 36

vitamin b12

Question 37

well planned vegetarian diets can reduce the risk of most chronic diseases except

Answer 37

anemia

Question 38

what is not associated with kwashiorkor

Answer 38

flat belly and abdomen

Question 39

vegetarian diets are associated with increased consumption of ___

Answer 39

antioxidants