Ch. 5 Flashcards
what are lipids
organic nutrients that are insoluble in water
what is not a major class of lipids
glycogens
what is the primary form of fat in the diet
triglycerides
a triglyceride is comprised of ___
3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol
medium chain fatty acids are ___ carbon atoms in length
6-12
a fatty acid that contains a chain of ten carbons and one double bond is termed a fatty acid
monounsaturated, medium chain
what fatty acid is generally solid at room temperature
saturated
what food is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids
olive oil and cashew nuts
food that contains a large quantity of saturated fatty aids
palm kernel and coconut oils
what is a rich source of polyunsaturated fatty acids
corn oil
saturated fats are ___
found in whole milk and beef
the process of adding hydrogen to an unsaturated fatty acid and creating a more solid fat is called
hydrogenation
trans fatty acids do what
they are created during the hydrogenation process
what ingredient would alert you to the likely presence of trans fatty acids in a product
partially hydrogenated vegetable oil
what is a rich source of omega-6 fatty acids
margarine made from corn or safflower oil
what is not true about essential fatty acids
they are found in meat and dairy products
why are phospholipids not an essential nutrient
our bodies manufacture phospholipids
what is not true about sterols
sterols contain a glycerol backbone and one fatty acid
the key structural componet of a cell’s membrane are ___
phospholipids
what food item would contain the highest amount of saturated fat
butter
sex hormones and adrenal hormones are substances derived from what class of lipids
sterols
which of the following is not a function of fat in the human body
fat makes us feel hungry
what organ does not aid in the digestion of lipids
large intestine
the vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the
small intestin
to facilitate the digestion of dietary fats, the gallbladder stores and realeases a substance know as
bile
where in the body are the majority of triglycerides sored for future energy needs
adipose tissue
which lipoprtein transports dietary fat out of the small intestine
chylomicron
fat leaves the chylomicron and oves into adipose cells when ___ comes in contact with it, which causes the triglyceride to break up and be taken into the adipose cell
lipoprotein lipase
how many calories are potentially provided by 25 grams of fat
225 kilocalories
during exercise, which of the following triggers the breakdown of stored fat
adrenaline
the two essential fatty acids are ___ and alpha-lnolenic acids
linoleic
eicosapentaenoic acid EPA and docosahexaenoic acid DHA are metabolic derivatives of ___
alpha-linolenic acid
the acceptable macronutrient distribution range for fat is ___ of total energy intake
20-35%
which of the following foods contain invisible fats
chocolate cake
which of the following species of fish would likely contain the highest levels of cantaminants
swordfish
which of the following health problems has been associated with high intakes of fat replacers
gastrointestinal distress
what is false regarding the process of hydrogenation
hydrogenation creates a heart healthy product
what is a fat replacer
olestra
reasearch has found the strongest association between dietary fat intake and what type of cancer
prostate
the major form of fat in both food and the body is
triglycerides
what type of fat is required to be listed on the nutiriton facts panel by the fda
trans fatty acids
what is a excelent source of unsaturated fat
nuts and nut butters
how much trans fat is recommended in the diet
as little as possible
the label low-fat means each serving must contain
3 grams or less of fat
