Ch. 11 Flashcards
a body weight that exceeds 100% of thenormal standard for a given height is called
morbid obesity
what does not define a “healthy body weight”
a weight that is acceptable to society
body mass index is best described as ______
a ratio of an individual’s body weight to their height squared
research studies have shown that the risk for developing type 2 diabetes and hypertension begins to increase at a BMI greater than
30
Serena is 5’8” tall and weights 180 pounds. Serena’s BMI indicates that she is _____
overweight
a limitation in using the body mass index is that it _____
does not take body composition into account
an apple-shaped fat pattern increases a person’s risk for _____ disease
liver
in men, a waist-to-hip ratio higher than _____ is associated with an increased risk for chronic disease
0.90
Describe the energy balance equation
energy consumed equals energy expended
Lance would like to lose two pounds a week. If his present energy intake is 4200 kcals a day and his energy expenditure does not change, how many kilocalories should he consume each day to achieve his goal
3200
the label of ready-to-eat cereal box indicates that 1 cup contains 32 grams of carbohydrate, 4 grams of protein, and 2 grams of fat. How many kcals are there in two cups of this cereal.
324 kcals
what are not basal functions
walking up stairs
about 5 to _____ percent of our total energy output is attributable to the thermic effect of food
10
the primary determinant of basal metabolic rate is an individual’s _____
lean body mass
what individual would most likely have the lowest basal metabolic rate
a 28 year old overweight woman
Benjamin is an 18 year old college student who is 5’10” and weighs 170 pounds. How many kilocalories does he expend each day for basal metabolism?
1855
the three components of total energy expenditure include _____
basal metabolic rate, physical activity, and the thermic effect of food.
the amount of energy expended by the body in digesting, absorbing, transporting, metabolizing, and storing nutrients is called ______
the thermic effect of food
Robin’s dinner contains 750 kilocalories. How many kilocalories will Robin expend in order to process this meal.
38-75 kilocalories
what nutrient requires a small amount of energy to digest, transport, and store.
fat
one pound of body fat is equal to _____ calories
3500
Miguel weighs 250 pounds and is trying to lose weight. He decides to start an exercise program and starts walking 2mph for 30 min, five days a week. this activity burns 0.044 kcals/kg body weight/minute. how many additional kcals will miguel burn each week with this exercise regime?
750
the thrifty gene theory suggests that _____
some people possess a gene that causes them to expend less energy than other people
leptin is a hormone produced by _____ cells
adipose
Ghrelin is _____
a gastric protein that stimulates appetite
what is false about Peptide YY, sometimes called PYY
occurs in higher levels in obese people
by detecting and responding to the body’s physiological signals, the _____ is the part of the body in control of hunger regulation
hypothalamus
on average, an individual’s BMR decreases approximately 3-5% per decade after they reach _____ years of age
30
what is not a low carbohydrate, high protein diet
the DASH diet
what is not one of the primary components of a sound weight change plan
a change of more that 2 pounds per week
what type of weight loss will an individual experience by restricting calories but not increasing his or her level of physical activity
the individual will lose mostly lean body tissue
what is the national weight control registry
an ongoing project detailing the habits of people who have lost at least 30 pounds and maintained their weight for at least one year
you weighed a team of football players and, according to their BMI, they are categorized as overweight and obese. What would you most likely conclude.
their muscle weight is probably responsible for the elevated BMIs
what would be bad advice for someone who is trying to gain weight
not exercising
being underweight does not increase a persons risk of developing
infection and illness
in theory, what would be the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 500 kcal every day for four weeks
4 lbs
what is the most important dietary aspect to modify for weight loss
calories
