CH 6 (3-5) Flashcards
Heart anatomy: Upper chambers
Atrium
Heart anatomy: lower chambers
Ventricle
SA Node =
Pacemaker of the heart
3 types of muscle:
Skeletal Muscles, Smooth, Cardiac
Skeletal Muscle # of Muscles
650 Muscles
Smooth Muscle
lining of arteries, veins & GI tract
Cardiac Muscle
Heart (muscle)
Bradycardia
less than 60 BPM
Tachycardia
Greater than 100 BPM
Average RHR
= 70-80 (males 70, females 75)
Blood is comprised of:
55% plasma, 45% red / white blood cells & platelets.
Adult heart holds #L of blood
4-6 L
Arteries (direction) heart
Go away from the heart (Think Arteries Away)
Veins (direction) heart
Go back to the heart
Venules are
small veins that drain from capillaries into larger veins
Arterioles are
small arteries that eventually divide into capillaries
Valsalva maneuver
increase in intra-abdominal pressure / pregnant / High blood pressure should
breathe through the concentric & eccentric portions of the lift to avoid this.
Normal breathing rates =
12-16 breaths per minute
Tachypnea =
greater than 24 breaths per minute
Bradypnea =
less than 8 breaths per minute
Dysfunctional breathing (slow breaths) are due
to
overactive sternocleidomastoid & scalene
which can cause headaches, lightheaded and
dizziness.
Catabolic hormones:
cortisol (adrenal cortex / glands), glucagon (pancreas),
Anabolic hormones:
HGH (pituitary gland), testosterone (testes males via Leydig cells;
adrenal glands females), insulin (pancreas), IGF (liver)
Adrenal glands produce
the catecholamines (adrenaline & norepinephrine)
