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Pharmacology > Ch 51 Diuretic Agents > Flashcards

Ch 51 Diuretic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

What do diuretics treat?

A

edema related to CHF
acute pulmonary edema
liver disease
renal disease
hypertension
conditions that cause hyperkalemia

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2
Q

What is the function of a Diuretic Agent?

A

increase the amount of urine produced by the kidneys and increase sodium excretion

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3
Q

What are the classifications of diuretics?

A

Thiazides, Loop Diuretics, Potassium-Sparing Diuretics

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4
Q

What are warning signs of fluid and electrolyte imbalance?

A

dry mouth
thirst
weakness
lethargy
drowsiness
restlessness
muscle pain/cramps
hypotension
tachycardia
siezures

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5
Q

What are examples of fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

A

dehydration
hyponatremia
hypomagnesemia
hypokalemia
kyperkalemia

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6
Q

What is the ending for the medication class Thiazide’s?

A

thiazide

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7
Q

What are drug examples of Thiazides?

A

hydrochlorothiazide
methyclothiazide

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8
Q

what is the action of Thiazides?

A

block the chloride pump, sodium stays in tubule and excreted through urine

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9
Q

what does a Thiazide treat?

A

edema associated with CHF, liver disease, kidney disease, hypertension

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10
Q

What are the adverse affects of Thiazides?

A

hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, GI upset, alkaline urine

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11
Q

What are the drug interactions associated with Thiazides?

A

Digoxin and Lithium

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12
Q

What electrolytes do you lose when taking a Thiazide?

A

Potassium and Sodium

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13
Q

What should a nurse consider when caring for a patient taking a Thiazide?

A

use cautiously in patients with gout, SLE, liver disease, hyperparathyroidism, bipolar disorder, diabetes

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14
Q

What are examples of Loop Diuretics?

A

Furosemide (Lasix)

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15
Q

What is the action of Loop Diuretics?

A

block the chloride pump in the ascending loop of henle, sodium is reabsorbed and excreted

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16
Q

What does a loop diuretic treat?

A

acute CHF, acute pulmonary edema, edema with kidney disease, hypertension

17
Q

what are adverse affects of loop diuretics?

A

hypokalemia, alkalosis, hypocalcemia, hypotension

18
Q

What drugs interact with loop diuretics?

A

ahminoglycosides, anticoagulant agents

19
Q

When should you use caution with loop diuretics?

A

in patients with gout, SLE, and diabetes

20
Q

What routes can Lasix be given?

A

oral, IM, IV

21
Q

What are medication examples of Potassium Sparing Diuretics?

A

Spironolactone (Aldactone)
Amiloride

22
Q

What is the action of Potassium Sparing Diuretics?

A

blocks aldosterone, loss of sodium while retaining potassium

23
Q

what does a Potassium Sparing Diuretic treat?

A

used with other diuretics, pts at risk for hypokalemia

24
Q

what are adverse effects of Potassium Sparing Diuretics?

A

hyperkalemia

25
Q

what drugs interact with Potassium Sparing Diuretics?

A

Salicylates

Pharmacology (11 decks)

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