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Pharmacology Test 4 > Ch. 51 > Flashcards

Ch. 51 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes of acute diarrhea

A 
Bacterial
Viral
Drug induced
Nutritional factors
Protozoa
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2
Q

Causes of chronic diarrhea

A 
tumors
DM
Addisons Disease
Hyperthyroidism
IBS
AIDS
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3
Q

MOA: coat the walls of the GI tract, binding the causative bacteria or toxin, which is then eliminated through the feces.

A

adsorbents

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4
Q

bismuth subsalicylate

A

adsorbents

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5
Q

kaolin-pectin

A

adsorbents

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6
Q

activated charcoal

A

adsorbents

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7
Q

attapulgite

A

adsorbents

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8
Q

MOA: decrease intestinal muscle tone and peristalsis of the GI tract.

A

Anticholinergic (Antimotility)

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9
Q

belladonna alkaloids

A

Anticholinergic (Antimotility)

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10
Q

atropine

A

Anticholinergic (Antimotility)

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11
Q

hyoscyamine

A

Anticholinergic (Antimotility)

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12
Q

MOA: decrease intestinal motility and relieve rectal spams.

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

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13
Q

paregoric

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

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14
Q

pium tincture

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

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15
Q

codeine

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

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16
Q

loperamide

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

17
Q

diphenoxylate

A

Opioid (Antimotility)

18
Q

Supply missing bacteria to the GI tract, suppressing the growth of diarhhea-causing bacteria

A

Intestinal flora modifiers

19
Q

L. acidophilus

A

Intestinal flora modifier

20
Q

Adverse Effects: Increased bleeding time, constipation, dark feces, confusion, twitching, hearing loss, tinnitus, metallic taste, blue
gums

A

Adsorbents

21
Q

Adverse Effects: Urinary retention, hesitancy, impotence, headache, dizziness, confusion, anxiety, drowsiness, dry skin, rash, flushing, blurred vision, photophobia, increased intraocular
pressure

Hypotension, hypertension, bradycardia, tachycardia

A

Anticholenergics

22
Q

Adverse Effects: Drowsiness, sedation, dizziness, lethargy, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, constipation, respiratory depression, hypotension, urinary retention, flushing

A

Opiates

23
Q

MOA: High fiber, absorb water to increase bulk, distend intestines to initiate reflex intestinal activity

A

Bulk Forming Laxatives

24
Q

psyllium

A

Bulk Forming Laxatives

25
Q

methylcellulose

A

Bulk Forming Laxatives

26
Q

MOA: Stool softeners and lubricants. Promote more water and fat in the feces. Lubricate the fecal material and intestinal walls

A

Emollient laxatives

27
Q

docusate salts

A

Emollient (fecal softeners)

28
Q

mineral oil

A

Emollient (lubricant)

29
Q

MOA: Increase fecal water content. Result: bowel distention, increased peristalsis, and
evacuation

A

Hyperosmotic laxatives

Pharmacology Test 4 (10 decks)

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