Ch 39

Question 1

gentamicin

Answer 1

Aminoglycoside

Question 2

neomycin

Answer 2

Aminoglycoside

Question 3

tobramycin

Answer 3

Aminoglycoside

Question 4

amikacin

Answer 4

Aminoglycoside

Question 5

kanamycin

Answer 5

Aminoglycoside

Question 6

streptomycin

Answer 6

Aminoglycoside

Question 7

This drug class has poor oral absorption; no PO forms. Very potent with serious toxicities.

Answer 7

Aminoglycoside

Question 8

Used to kill gram-negative bacteria such as
Pseudomonas
spp
., E. coli, Proteus
spp
.,
Klebsiella
spp
., Serratia
spp.

Often used in combination with other
antibiotics for synergistic effects

Certain gram-positive infections that are
resistant to other antibiotics

Answer 8

Aminoglycosides

Question 9

poorly absorbed
through the GI tract and administered
parenterally

Answer 9

Aminoglycosides

Question 10

an aminoglycoside that is given orally to decontaminate the GI tract before surgical procedures

Answer 10

neomycin

Question 11

ciprofloxacin

Answer 11

Quinolones

Question 12

norfloxacin

Answer 12

Quinolones

Question 13

levofloxacin

Answer 13

Quinolones

Question 14

moxifloxacin

Answer 14

Quinolones

Question 15

Excellent oral absorption. Absorption reduced by antacids. Effective against gram-negative organisms
and some gram-positive organisms

Answer 15

Quinolones

Question 16

MOA: Bactericidal. Alter DNA of bacteria, causing death. Do not affect human DNA

Answer 16

Quinolones

Question 17

Used to Tx: Gram-negative bacteria such as
pseudomonas, Respiratory infections,
Bone and joint infections,
GI infections, Skin infections, Sexually transmitted diseases, Anthrax

Answer 17

Quinolones

Question 18

Used for chronic bone infections, GU infections,

intraabdominal infections. May cause pseudomembranous colitis

Answer 18

clindamycin

Question 19

New class: oxazolidinones. Used to treat vancomycin-resistant
Enterococcus
faecium
(VREF, VRE), hospital-acquired skin and
skin structure infections, including those with
MRSA

Answer 19

linezolid

Question 20

Used for anaerobic organisms. Intraabdominal and gynecologic infections. Protozoal infections.
EtOH intolerance

Answer 20

metronidazole

Question 21

Primarily used for UTIs (
E. coli, S. aureus,
Klebsiella
spp.,
Enterobacter
spp.). Use carefully if renal function is impaired. Drug concentrates in the urine. Keep patient well-hydrated. May cause fatal hepatotoxicity

Answer 21

nitrofurantoin

Question 22

30:70 combination, work synergistically. Used for bacteremia and infections caused by
vancomycin-resistant
Enterococcus
(VRE) and
other complicated skin infections

Answer 22

quinupristin and dalfopristin (Synercid)

Question 23

daptomycin

Answer 23

lipopeptide

Question 24

Used to Tx complicated skin and soft tissue infections

Answer 24

daptomycin

Question 25

Natural, bactericidal antibiotic. Interferes with cell wall synthesis. Tx of choice for MRSA and other gram-
positive infections. Must monitor blood levels to ensure therapeutic
levels and prevent toxicity. May cause ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Should be infused over 60 minutes. Rapid infusions may cause hypotension

Answer 25

vancomycin

Question 26

Adverse Reactions: Red man syndrome may occur, ensure adequate hydration if not contraindicated to prevent nephrotoxicity

Answer 26

vancomycin