Ch. 5 Implementing the Planned Response Flashcards
P. 110
At a hazardous material incident, scene control is ___________ because it has __________ on both _______ and _______.
Paramount.
An influence.
Scene security.
Personnel accountability.
Size-up is the RAPID mental process of evaluating the ___________…
Critical VISUAL indicators of the incident
Typically, the starting point for implementing any response is _________ and ___________.
Sizing up the situation.
Taking control of the affected area
_____ refers to the degree of accuracy to which one’s perception of the current operating environment mirrors reality.
Act of processing all of the information available to you and understanding how it fits together in the big scheme of things.
Situational awareness
look in the mirror, we are in SA
SIN
Safety parts
Own safety.
Briefing from those involved.
Nature of problem.
ID the substance
Initial steps that awareness/operation level responders may take: S I N.
Safety.
Isolate.
Notify.
These are general guidelines, not absolute actions.
SIN
Isolate parts
Isolate.
Separate people from problem (1st PRIORITY).
Establish command post.
Objectives, strategy, and IAP
Control zones based on: (3)
Chemical/physical properties.
Environmental factors.
Layout of scene.
Best place to control access:
Inside?
Outdoors?
Inside: Normal points of ingress/egress=doors.
Outdoors: Logical access points=roads, intersections.
In some cases, ___, _____, and _____ may prove useful in helping to establish the parameters of a hot zone.
Atmospheric monitoring.
Plume modeling.
Reference sources such as ERG
_____ are a common reason that control zones are modified during the incident.
Wind shifts
Whatever methods or devices are used to restrict access, they should not limit or prevent ___________.
Rapid withdrawal from area by personnel inside HOT zone
Boundaries should be set large enough that adverse effects from the released substance will not affect people outside of it.
Hot zone
Other names for hot, warm, cold
Hot - exclusionary zone.
Warm - contamination reduction zone.
Cold - outer perimeter
safety main focus, names can be flexible
Only the ___________ necessary to perform decon, or support those operating in the hot zone _______________.
Minimal amount of personnel.
Should be permitted in the warm zone
Contains control points for access to the hot zone as well as the contamination corridor
Warm zone
Personnel staging, command post, EMS providers, area for medical monitoring, support, and/or treatment after decon are all located in the ______.
Cold zone
During emergency decon, if victim is ___________ , this is the PREFERRED method
Capable of removing his/her own clothing
____________ is the number one RESPONSE priority at a hazardous material incident.
EVALUATING the threat to life
Simplest expression of buddy system is _________ responders to enter a contaminated area.
For NO FEWER than two
OSHA HAZWOPER
Backup personnel must be in place, dressed in appropriate PPE (up to the point that _______________) and ready to spring into action whenever personnel are operating in the hot zone. A backup team should never be __________ from being fully dressed and ready for action.
Respiratory protection can be quickly donned.
More than A MINUTE OR SO.
Backup personnel
Team members should always remain _______ of one another and with someone outside of the hot zone.
Within VISUAL or radio contact
When considering evacuating a large group of people, it may be helpful to consider the host of “shuns” associated. (7)
Contamination (trigger for evacuation). Nutrition. Sanitation. Habitation. Compassion*
Evacuation area:
Located ______ to the exposure for the evacuation to be ______ but _______ from the incident to be ______.
Close enough - practical.
Far enough away - safe
Before evacuation order is given:
Safe area with suitable facilities should be established
Security of evacuation facility:
With assistance from law enforcement. Ensure maximum amount of security and shielding from: -Media -Onlookers -Those trying to take advantage
ERG doesn’t give:
Weather extremes.
Road conditions.
Actual conditions at the scene
Evacuation of residents measured in:
Hours, not minutes
A good way for IC to determine the area to be evacuated , including how far to extend actual evacuation distances, is to:
Use detection and monitoring devices to identify areas of airborne contamination.
Primary functions of warm zone activities are ______ and ________ to personnel operating in the hot zone.
Decontamination.
Providing ready support
____ and ____ are major factors in the decision to evacuate or shelter-in-place.
Toxicity of hazmat.
Amount of time available to avoid threat
_______ or ________ might dictate a sheltering in place approach.
Short-term events.
Transient vapor clouds
IC should use plume modeling activities or use other reliable expertise or methods to determine whether:
Evacuation or sheltering in place makes the MOST sense
In a hazardous material incident, _____________ must first recognize and identify the released substance.
ALL emergency responders (fire, LE, EMS)
IC must decide whether entry into a contaminated environment to perform _______ is a worthy endeavor.
Search and rescue
In nearly all cases, __________ should be provided to victims that have been decontaminated and removed to the cold zone.
Definitive medical care
Many ways to conduct safety briefing. Chiefly, a good safety briefing should be carried out in manner that name applies: _____.
Brief
Before actions taken at hazardous materials incident, the IC should ENSURE that a ____________ is completed and a ________ is performed.
WRITTEN safety PLAN.
VERBAL safety BRIEFING
Who is responsible for site safety plan at small incident? Large incident?
Small - IC (and briefing).
Large - incident safety officer or hazmat safety officer
The ____ and ____ of the safety briefing should have a direct correlation with the ______ and _____ of the incident.
Depth and scope.
Severity and complexity
IC may establish predetermined ___________, intended to evaluate the status of the planned response, which may lead to ___________.
Trigger points.
Withdrawal of responders from hot zone
IC may abandon current plan of action, withdraw to a safe distance, set a defensive perimeter, ___________ or _____________.
Wait for additional resources.
To allow hazardous materials incident to run its course
Decision withdraw, set up defensive, and wait for resources is typically made when: (4)
Offensive actions not effective in mitigating.
Selected PPE incorrect/ineffective.
Tools /equipment ineffective/unavailable.
Problem too complex with available resources
Safety briefing conducted by ______ or _________.
Safety officer.
IC or hazmat group supervisor (in conjunction with safety officer)
The threat of terrorism or other incidents with criminal intent drives the need for:
Complete and meaningful safety briefings
Safety briefings
Briefings at these types of incidents may also include procedures for:
Operating at a crime scene or evidence collection procedures
Mild form of shock when circulatory system BEGINS to fail because body unable to dissipate heat. Body core temp rises, then weakness and sweating. Dizziness and blurred vision. Cramps.
Heat exhaustion
When treating for heat-related illnesses, it is important to:
Avoid pouring cold water.
Placing victim in unusually cold environment
Severe and potentially fatal. Failure of temperature-regulating capacity of body. Reduction or cessation of sweating. Body temp to 105F OR HIGHER. Rapid pulse. Red-looking skin. Confusion. Unconsciousness. Seizures. True medical emergency that requires IMMEDIATE transport.
Heat stroke
Athletes should consume _______ prior to event and ________ at regular intervals.
500 ml.
200-300 ml
Cooling technology (4)
Air.
Ice.
Water-cooled vests.
Phase-changing cooling technology
Two types of cold temperatures
Caused by released materials. OR
Caused by operating environment, including ambient air temperatures or conditions such as rain, snow or other adverse cold-weather conditions
Hazardous materials such as _______ and ________ may expose responders to the same low-temperature hazards as those created by cold-weather environments.
Liquified gases.
Cryogenic liquids
Two environmental factors in particular influence the extent of cold injuries: _____ and ______.
Temperature.
Wind speed
Wet clothing extracts heat from body as much as ______ times faster than dry clothing.
240
Hypothermia, condition which the core body temp falls _______. It is a TRUE medical emergency.
BELOW 95F
______________ is a process of pre-entry and postentry on scene evaluation of response personnel who may be experiencing adverse effects because of wearing PPE or because they have been exposed to heat, cold, stress or hazardous materials.
Medical monitoring
Responders should undergo pre-entry health screening prior to ___________. This step may be eliminated in the event that _______ is required for ___________.
Donning any level of chemical protective equipment.
Rapid entry.
Rescue or other life-safety reasons
Pre-entry screening should include:
Vital signs, including pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate.
Body WEIGHT measurements and general health should also be observed.
Pre-entry abnormal readings, responder may be __________ or __________.
Excluded from wearing PPE.
Participating in the MITIGATION phase of the incident
Span of control refers to how many responders can be effectively managed by __________ . Acceptable ratio is one supervisor to ______________.
One supervisor.
Five responders
Span of control is _______ and depends on issues such as ________, _______, and __________.
Flexible.
Criticality of the mission/task.
Skill level of supervisor.
Skill level of responder
Basic five FUNCTIONS of ICS (Five Functions)
Command. Operations. Planning. Logistics. Finance/Admin
_______ is the first main principle of emergency response and the CORNERSTONE of the ICS.
Concept of Incident Command
Multiple agencies with overlapping jurisdictions or legal responsibilities are involved in the same incident, a __________ provides several advantages.
Unified command
Where coordination, control and communications are centralized. Command and ALL DIRECT SUPPORT STAFF. Should be located where it is ___________ and _______________ to support sustained operations.
Incident command post (ICP).
Not threatened by the incident.
Has the necessary infrastructure
On scene IC, who will assume control of the incident scene beyond the ____________ level, should receive at least _______ of training equal to ___________.
First-responder awareness level.
24 hrs.
First-responder operations level
Command staff
Safety officer.
Liaison officer.
Public information officer.
OSHA requires _____ and ______ positions during a hazardous materials response.
IC.
Safety officer
Authority of safety officer at a hazmat incident
When activities are judged by the SAFETY OFFICER to be ______ and/or _____________, the safety officer shall have the authority to ______, _____ or __________.
IDLH.
Involve an imminent danger condition.
Alter, suspend or terminate those activities
A _________________, sometimes referred to as the assistant safety officer (ASO), is responsible for the hazardous materials teams safety ONLY.
Hazardous materials safety officer
Hazmat Branch or Group established OR when incident requires a dedicated hazmat response, the ___________ may appoint a hazardous materials safety officer to the branch or group.
This particular hazardous materials safety officer reports directly to the _________, who in turn directly reports to the ________.
Safety officer.
Safety officer
IC
______ is the point of contact for cooperating and assisting agencies on the scene.
Liaison officer
Basic distinction between cooperating agency and assisting agency relates to the ______ each has in the management or outcome of the incident. If an agency has a financial interest/responsibility for the incident, it is considered ____________; all others are considered ________________.
Financial stake.
An assisting agency.
Cooperating agencies
On a hazardous materials incident, the liaison officer deals with _____________ from federal agencies, state and local resources, and and any other outside agency with an interest in the management or outcome.
Agency representatives (A reps)
Liaisons.
Ideally, all of these representatives should have the authority to ________________. This function is ______ when interests of many jurisdictions are at stake.
Make decisions on behalf of the agency they represent.
Critical
As with all of the command staff positions, _________ should fill this role. Although many people may work with or for the public information officer, they should _______________.
Only one person.
Serve as assistants
______________ is an important piece of successfully managing almost any type of incident. P. 124
Keeping the media (and others) well informed.
Everything that occurs at an emergency incident can be divided among the ________________ within ICS:
Four major functional components: Operations. Planning. Logistics. Finance (admin)
_______ carries out the objectives developed by the IC and is responsible for ______________.
Operations section.
All tactical operations at the incident
__________: Usually assigned when complex incidents involve more than _________ or when the IC ______________.
Operations section chief:
20 single resources.
Cannot be involved in all details of the tactical operation
Organizational units such as groups and divisions are established to __________ under one supervisor.
Aggregate single resources or crews
The PRIMARY reason for establishing groups or divisions is to _____________.
Maintain effective span of control
Group is ________ as it applies to ICS:
“Group” is assembled to ___________ and is considered to consist of ___________ that may not be ___________.
Very specific.
Relieve span of control issues.
Functional assignments.
Tied to any one geographic location
A ________ usually refers to companies and crews that are working _____________.
Division.
In the same geographic location
The important thing to ensure is that _____ and ______ understand their functions and where they fit into the ICS org chart.
Divisions.
Groups
Hazardous materials BRANCH
-special technical group under the ________.
Consists of some or all of the following: (4)
Operations section.
Hazardous materials group supervisor.
Entry team.
Decon team.
Technical reference team.
Technical _____ team
Gathers information and reports to the _______ and the hazardous materials ________ officer
Reference
IC.
Hazmat safety officer
A __________ represents a higher level of combined resources than either a division of a group.
Branch
At a major incident, several different activities may occur in separate geographic locations or involve distinct functions.
The IC can establish _________ to place a higher-level supervisor in charge of a number of divisions and groups
Branches
Branches are broken down in a _________, based on ____________.
Discipline-specific way.
Span of control
Hazmat branch director duties:
Obtaining briefing FROM IC. Ensuring control zones established. Accountability (p. 125). Ensuring proper PPE. Ensuring objectives met
______ may be appointed under a hazardous materials branch director to direct or manage positions such as:
Hazmat group supervisor:
Decon group supervisor or team leader.
Entry group supervisor or team leader
Titles for leaders:
Sections:
Branches:
Divisions or groups:
Chiefs
Directors
Supervisors
Responsibilities of hazmat safety officer
Obtaining briefing FROM IC, safety officer or hazmat branch director.
Participating in prep of site safety plan.
Providing/participating in safety briefing.
Altering/suspending activity that poses imminent threat.
Maintaining accountability for all resources assigned to hazmat
mitigation (p. 126).
Responsible for collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of information relevant to incident.
Planning
Acts as the Central point for collecting information on the situation status of the event, tracking and logging on-scene resources, and disseminating the written IAP
Planning section chief
Can be viewed as the SUPPORT side of an incident management structure.
Responsible for providing facilities, services, and materials for the incident.
Logistics section
Who is responsible for bulk of support functions for an incident
Generally assigned on long-duration or resource-intensive, complex incidents
Logistics section chief
Tracks the costs related to the incident, handles PROCUREMENT issues, records the time that responders are on the incident for billing purposes and keeps a running cost of the incident.
Finance section
Ideally, an incident should be handled the most ___________ possible, so as to minimize the financial impact to the jurisdiction in which the incident occurs.
Cost-effective way
____ are those persons who respond to hazardous materials/WMD incidents for the purpose of implementing or supporting actions to protect nearby persons, the environment, or property from the effects of the release
Operations level responders
As a responder, you should be familiar with all emergency response plans for hazardous materials/WMD incidents that may occur in your jurisdiction. If none exist, default to __________.
Scope of practice established by your TRAINING
Process of removing bulk contaminants without regard to containment. Life threatening situations without formal establishment of a decon corridor
Emergency decon
________ and limiting access to the incident site helps reduce the number of civilians and public service personnel who may be exposed to the released substance.
Setting control zones
