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Hazmate! > Ch. 10 - Mass Decon > Flashcards

Ch. 10 - Mass Decon Flashcards

1
Q

The physical process of reducing or removing surface contaminants from large numbers of victims in potentially life-threatening situations in the fastest time possible

A

Mass decontamination

Emergency = “bulk of contaminants…without regard for containment” and “without formal establishment of decon corridor”

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2
Q

Mass decon.

Critical to the success of the operation:

A

Your ability to bring some level of ORDER to the situation.

COMMUNICATE effectively with this population of people

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3
Q

Mass decon similar to Emergency decon in what respects? (4)

A

1st, ID contaminant and secure source of water.
2nd, Select proper PPE.
3rd, Predetermined process/procedure to perform decon.
Lastly, Coordinated using ICS

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4
Q

Mass decon fundamentally dissimilar to emergency decon because…

A

Potential high victim count AND

May not be enough trained people to quickly get system in place

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5
Q

Mass decon boils down to… (4)

A

Identifying the need Quickly.
Getting setup Quickly.
Running as many people through the process Quickly.
Incurring the least amount of risk to the responders

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6
Q

How many victims to shift thinking from Emergency decon to Mass decon?

A

10-15

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6
Q

Your ability to bring some level of order to the situation and communicate effectively with this population of people is ______________.

A

Critical to the success of the operation

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8
Q

The extent of the mass decontamination required is largely driven by:

A

The contaminant and its effect on the people

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9
Q

From BIG PICTURE PERSPECTIVE, mass decon boils down to: (5)

A 
Rapid assessment of situation and number of victims.
Identify contaminant.
Setting up mass decon.
Wearing proper type/level of PPE.
Getting to work.
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10
Q

Decon priority.
Those who are ambulatory and without obvious signs or symptoms of exposure could be directed to an area near mass decon area

A

Green

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11
Q

Those who cannot walk on their own or are critically ill

A

Black box

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12
Q

The standard thinking regarding decontamination becomes a SECONDARY objective:

A

Using minimal amounts of water and recovering the potentially contaminated runoff

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13
Q

Those who are able to walk on their own and are symptomatic OR who are contaminated but not yet showing signs or symptoms of coming into contact with substance

A

Red and Yellow box victims

target population for mass decon

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14
Q

Target population for mass decon becomes those:

A

Who are able to walk on their own and are symptomatic OR who are contaminated but not yet showing s/s (red/yellow box victims)

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16
Q

It is important to have a method for __________________ at the back end of the process

A

Checking the Effectiveness of decontamination

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17
Q

3 ways to reduce/eliminate contamination?

A

Dilution.
Isolation.
Washing.

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18
Q

Important to understand ______________ to devise a decontamination plan that will effectively and efficiently address the particular _____________

A

Nature of the contaminant.

Physical and chemical properties

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19
Q

Pump pressures if decon is conducted with fog nozzles attached to two pumpers

A

30-50 psi

20
Q

2 separate areas for mass decontamination:

A

Nonambulatory and ambulatory

21
Q

Important to choose a system that fits the responding agency’s needs based on: (4)

A

Staffing levels.
Anticipated number of casualties.
Topography.
Proximity to other mass decon units in the region.

22
Q

Process of adding some substance to a contaminant to decrease its concentration?

A

Dilution

23
Q

How do you check at the back end effectiveness of decon with:
Corrosive?
Solvent?
Nerve Agent?

A

C: pH paper
S: gas detection device
N: M8/M9 paper

24
Q

Dilution.

Before using water, consider: (3)

A

Whether contaminant will REACT adversely with water.
Whether contaminant will be SOLUBLE.
Whether the application of water will SPREAD contaminants.

25
Q

The _____ method of decontamination works best with acids and bases.

A

Dilution

26
Q

A water temp of ____ is ideal but may not be possible.

A

70F

27
Q

Substances that would NOT be the best candidates for a straight water wash:

A

Insoluble substances such as:
Benzene.
Toluene.
Most nerve agents.

28
Q

Clothing removal is ______________ in reducing amount of contamination on a victim.

A

An excellent first step

29
Q

Effective yet simple decontamination process, ideal for removing most harmful substances

A

Washing

30
Q

The intent of mass decon is NOT to:

A

Concentrate on any one victim at the expense of the others

31
Q

Never neutralize chemicals _________. The risk of causing more damage is not worth the potential benefit from using this approach. In such cases, _______ is the quickest, safest, and most reliable method of decontamination.

A

On human skin.

Water washing

32
Q

Size of a placard.

A

10 3/4 in.

33
Q

When it comes to understanding health effects of a particular substance, sources: (4)

A

Online databases and medically based resources.
Medical reference books.
Poison control.
ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (part of CDC).

34
Q

Because responders will be outnumbered, they must conduct themselves in a way that __________ and _________.

A

Commands respect, establishes them as symbols of authority.

Must also present yourself in such a way that the panicked victims will choose to follow your directions

35
Q

NFPA 704 system is only useful for _____ ______.

A

Broad hazards

36
Q

Size of a label

A

4 in.

37
Q

Primary audience for the ERG?

A

Firefighters, police, and other emergency services personnel

38
Q

A few of the typical indicators of the presence and/or release of a hazardous material (5)

A
  • Bystanders or witnesses
  • Placards
  • Normal occupancy of buildings at the scene (such as chem storage)
  • Types of containers involved
  • Presence of fire or explosions
39
Q

_____ and _____ are just as contagious as panic.

A

Calmness, orderly behavior

40
Q

Documentation relating to Mass decon should be: (3)

A

Very detailed.
Thorough.
Easy to find.

41
Q

Is a two-step process for removing items that CANNOT be properly DECONTAMINATED from the incident scene

A

Isolation and disposal

41
Q

Isolation and disposal.

Isolated items may be: (3)

A

Retained as evidence.
Tested further to identify released substance.
Transported to an approved disposal facility.

41
Q

Included in overall documentation: (7)

A

Names of all persons decontaminated.
Information about released substance.
Level of protection by responders.
Actions taken to limit exposures to responders.
Detailed description of decon activities, including solutions.
Any evidence collected/samples taken.
Other observations

42
Q

_______ may be the people who put the pieces together and realize the incident is criminal in nature.

A

First responders

Hazmate! (11 decks)

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