Ch. 11 Evidence Preservation & Sampling

Question 1

Non-law enforcement personnel typically take samples for _____ and less often take samples for _______.

Answer 1

Identification, eventual prosecution

Question 2

General indicators that a crime is involved: (3)

Answer 2

Anonymous threats leading up to
Nearby notes or graffiti claiming responsibility
Suspicious activity on the scene indicating criminals are still present

Question 3

Indicators that a letter or package may be suspicious may include: (3)

Answer 3

Excessive postage (so not returned to sender)
Threatening messages on exterior or package*
Visible leaks or stains

Question 4

Indicators that legitimate toxic industrial chemicals were released intentionally to cause harm: (3)

Answer 4

Opened valves
Punctures or cuts in containment vessels
Cut locks, chains or other safety devices that would normally be in place

Question 5

Indicators for environmental crimes (intentional release/disposal of hazmat, byproducts and waste): (3)

Answer 5

Containers (labeled/unlabeled) discarded at site
Staining or odors near street drainage systems
Dead or dying plants, insects, or animals in nearby area

Question 6

Minute quantity of physical evidence that is conveyed from one place to another:

Answer 6

Trace (transfer) evidence

Question 7

Anything that can be used to validate a theory or to show how something could have occurred:

Answer 7

Demonstrative evidence

Question 8

Evidence used in court can be considered either:

Answer 8

Direct or Circumstantial

Question 9

Facts that can be observed or reported firsthand (suspects, victims or witnesses) and may also include physical evidence

Answer 9

Direct evidence

Question 10

Information that can be used to prove a theory based on facts that were observed firsthand

Answer 10

Circumstantial evidence

Question 11

P. 238 Ch. 11
Selection and use of monitoring and detection equipment may vary based on hazards identified but at a minimum will normally include: (5)

Answer 11

Oxygen level meter
Combustible gas indicator
Radiological monitoring devices
pH paper
Photo-ionization detector
(238-no M8)

Question 12

The agency that has the legal jurisdiction to enforce a local, state or federal law or regulation and that it is the most appropriate law enforcement organization to ensure the successful investigation and prosecution of such a case.

Answer 12

Investigative authority

Question 13

Items that can be observed, photographed, measured, collected, examined, in a laboratory and presented in court to prove or demonstrate a point.

Answer 13

Physical evidence

Question 14

Before moving an object to protect it from damage, make sure: (3)

Answer 14

Witnesses are present
Sketch of the evidence’s location are made
Photograph is taken

Question 15

Sampling team consists of: (3)
______ who conducts field screening/handles evidence prior to packaging
______ who facilitates proper packaging of evidence/ensures no cross contamination
______ who makes notes during process/photographs items

Answer 15

Sampler
Assistant
Documenter

Question 16

Evidence that can be used in the legal process to establish a fact or prove a :point

Answer 16

Forensic evidence

Question 17

Steps when handling evidence

Answer 17

Capture, movement, storage and examination

Question 18

_______ who had possession of the evidence must be able to attest that it has not been ____, _____, or _____.

Answer 18

Everyone

Contaminated, damaged, changed

Question 19

______ must establish that the evidence was never out of the control of the responsible agency and no one could have tampered with it.

Answer 19

The documentation

Question 20

______ should be responsible for collecting and taking custody of all evidence at a scene, no matter who DISCOVERS it.

Answer 20

Only one person (evidence collector or evidence collector custodian)

Question 21

Responders should not make any statements of ____, _____ or ______ to anyone other than the investigator.

Answer 21

Accusation, personal opinion or probable cause

Question 22

Inaccurate information can __________, which then becomes _______, which ultimately turns into a reported _______.

Answer 22

Generate a rumor, theory, fact

Question 23

The priority of first responders is to __________ and often the requirements of evidence collection can create ____________.

Answer 23

Protect lives

Conflict with this mandate

Question 24

Pubic safety responders must often take samples of materials for the purposes of: (4)

Answer 24

Safety
Control zones
Patient care
Part of hazard risk analysis

Question 25

Public safety samples

Sample should not be taken under auspices of being evidence unless the collectors are _________.

Answer 25

Sworn law enforcement with AUTHORITY TO DO SO

Question 26

Public safety samples may be used during ____________ by public safety personnel for the purposes of ______ or _______________ unknown materials.

Answer 26

Testing and analysis
Classifying
Presumptively identifying

Question 27

Public safety samples
The disposition of these samples as potential evidence must be the decision of __________________, based on numerous factors, including availability of additional materials.

Answer 27

Sworn law enforcement

Question 28

Environmental crimes include the _____________, their _________, and _____________ into the environment.

Answer 28

Intentional release or disposal of hazardous materials
Byproducts AND
Waste

Question 29

Evidence preservation/evidence sampling are also important at many scenes where a crime HAS NOT BEEN COMMITTED because _________________________.

Answer 29

Lawsuits may be subsequently be filed by victims to claim or recover damages that resulted from the incident.

Question 30

P. 238 Ch. 11 Evidence
Regardless whether hazmat evidence originated from illicit lab, suspicious letter…responders should assess the need for PPE based on ___________ and _______________.

Answer 30

Intelligence
Warning signs present at the scene

P. 309 Ch. 14
Detection/sampling AND indicators observed

Question 31

Any suspicious letter or package that is sent through the postal system is investigated by the _________.

Answer 31

Postal INSPECTION Service

Question 32

The _________ stage of the response to a potentially criminal hazmat/WMD incident should involve collaboration with the ___________.

Answer 32

Planning

Law enforcement AHJ

Question 33

The first step in the development of the evidence preservation and/or sampling response plan should include:

Answer 33

Identification of a method to ADEQUATELY SECURE the crime scene

Question 34

Responders who discover an item that could POTENTIALLY be evidence should: (3)

Answer 34

Leave it in place
Make sure no one interferes with it/surrounding area
Notify LE officer or investigator immediately

Question 35

Sketches do not need to be complicated. They should be ________ and include ____________ indicating where the evidence is located taken from _______________.

Answer 35

Simple in nature
Exact measurements
At least 2 FIXED POINTS

Question 36

Photographs should be taken from _______________ to show ___________ of an evidentiary item and should include both ____ _________ views of the evidence and its original location.

Answer 36

Different angles
All sides
Close-up and wide-angle

Question 37

Special type of sealing tape

Answer 37

Parafilm is commonly used

Question 38

Special collection container consideration must be taken for ___________and _______ evidence.

Answer 38

Chemical

Biological

Question 39

Taking samples or collecting evidence should be done either by a _________ or by ______________.

Answer 39

Law enforcement officer

Other nonsworn personnel working under the direction of a law enforcement officer

Question 40

Document identity and purpose of all personnel who are on scene as well as every person who enters crime scene. “___________” records kept by the incident commander are often a good way to capture that information.

Answer 40

Tag in/Tag out

Question 41

The _____________ should allow time for all first responders involved in the incident to make notes of their observations upon arrival or any statements overheard, and to document any evidence that may have been disturbed.

Answer 41

Evidence preservation plan

Question 42

Once responders ____________________, they should sit down and make some written notes on what they did and saw, even if no one asks for them for that information right away.

Answer 42

Get a break

Question 43

If a responder suspects that an explosive device or material is present, immediate notification should be made to the appropriate _________________ team having jurisdiction.

Answer 43

Hazardous DEVICES

Question 44

_______ are initial tests conducted to classify substances and identify immediate hazards to responders (VOC, flammable, corrosive, oxidizer, radioactive)

Answer 44

Field screening procedures

Question 45

The documentation of ________, _________, and the _________ will also help the sampling and collection team determine the most appropriate sampling equipment and tools, as well as size and quantity of containers to bring into the hot zone.

Answer 45

Physical state of the agent
Estimated quantity
Size and condition of the container

Question 46

Most labs require field screening procedures include nondestructive testing to identify hazmat as preventive safety measure ______________.

Answer 46

Before samples are allowed to enter the laboratory.

Question 47

_________ are formed to maximize the talent, experience, and resources of several agencies.

Answer 47

Multiagency task forces