Ch. 5 Biological Membrane

Question 1

what are bilayers made of__
- these are amphipathic molecules

Answer 1

phospholipids

Question 2

fatty acid tails are joined by a __

Answer 2

ester linkage

Question 3

phospholipid heads are ___

Answer 3

hydrophilic

Question 4

phospholipid tails are ___

Answer 4

hydrophobic

Question 5

___ microscope saw a ___ structure; TEM

Answer 5

electron, 3

Question 6

cell membranes are __ ; some things can go through, some can’t

Answer 6

selectively-permeable

Question 7

___ membrane proteins are amphipathic and are firmly bound in the membrane

Answer 7

integral

Question 8

___ membrane proteins are integral proteins that extend completely through the membrane

Answer 8

transmembrane

Question 9

___ membrane proteins that or located completely outside the membrane and are bound to exposed regions of integral proteins

Answer 9

peripheral

Question 10

___ are permeant

Answer 10

gases, small polar molecules, hydrophobic/hydrophilic molecules

Question 11

___ are not permeant

Answer 11

big polar molecules, ions/charged molecules, glucose

Question 12

__ types of transport proteins

Answer 12

two

Question 13

__ proteins change the shape and allow things to move in/out of the cell (bing to solutes)

Answer 13

carrier

Question 14

___ proteins act like a doorway + forms pores in the membrane

Answer 14

channel

Question 15

__ has 3 phosphate groups

Answer 15

ATP

Question 16

__ has 2 phosphate groups

Answer 16

ADP

Question 17

__ allows the transport of water through the plasma membrane

Answer 17

aquaporin

Question 18

__ diffusion doesn’t require energy + __ molecules can cross the membrane using it (moves from high to low)

Answer 18

simple

Question 19

__ diffusion requires energy +needs a protein (moves high to low)

Answer 19

facilitated

Question 20

__ is how much in a given area

Answer 20

concentration

Question 21

__ gradient goes from high (up) to low (down)

Answer 21

concentration gradient

Question 22

__ is the goal of diffusion

Answer 22

having the same concentration throughout the solution

Question 23

a __ across the membrane is a form of __ energy (creates energy for the mito)

Answer 23

gradient; potential

Question 24

selectively permeable membranes only allow __ molecules to pass through their tails

Answer 24

hyrdophobic

Question 25

__ is the movement of water from high to low areas of concentration (moves to the side with the most ions) (simple diffusion of water) - the pressure is exerted in the side of the membrane containing the higher concentration of solute to prevent the diffusion of water form the side containing the lower concentration

Answer 25

osmosis

Question 26

__ solution has NO net movement of water molecules occurring between cell and surrounding fluid (clear indent)

Answer 26

isotonic

Question 27

__ solution has solutes that exist outside the cell to be by more ions (lose water and shrink)

Answer 27

hypertonic

Question 28

__ solution has a lower concentration of solutes that exist outside the cell (they move inside which lets the cell gain water and swell)(no big dent)

Answer 28

hypotonic

Question 29

__ transport is from low to high concentration and requires energy

Answer 29

active

Question 30

__ pump uses ATP to pump Na ions - is a transmembrane/carrier proteins) - 2k is in, 3 Na is out - is also an antiporter (poly substances in opposite directions

Answer 30

sodium-potassium

Question 31

_ proteins transport one or two solutes - _- transports 1 substance type/1 direction - _- transports 2 substance types/1 direction -_- transports poly substances/opposite directions

Answer 31

carrier -uniporters -symporters -antiporters

Question 32

__ is when vesicles export large molecules by the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane

Answer 32

exocytosis

Question 33

__ is when the cell imports materials

Answer 33

endocytosis

Question 34

__ is cell eating

Answer 34

phagocytosis

Question 35

__ make vesicles

Answer 35

membranes

Question 36

__ is cell drinking

Answer 36

pinocytosis

Question 37

__ join things together

Answer 37

junctions

Question 38

__ are points of attachment that hold cells together at one spot but move independently

Answer 38

desmosomes - somes = protein

Question 39

__ junctions cement cells together but leave a little space for dependent movement

Answer 39

adhering

Question 40

_- junctions seal off intercellular spaces between some ANIMAL cells -connects between cell membranes so tight that they leave NO space ex; stomach/bladder junctions

Answer 40

tight

Question 41

__ junctions allow the transfer of small molecules and ions (ANIMAL CELLS) - allow communication between cells - cells control the passage of materials through these junctions by opening/closing channels - joins 2 cells' cytoplasms

Answer 41

gap

Question 42

__ allows movement between PLANT CELLS - connections between plant cell walls that are functionally equivalent to gap junctions

Answer 42

plasmodesmata

Question 43

when you drop oil in water it forms __

Answer 43

vesicles

Question 44

where can we find chloesterol in the cell?

Answer 44

in the membrane