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Bio II > Ch. 5 Biological Membrane > Flashcards

Ch. 5 Biological Membrane Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are bilayers made of__
- these are amphipathic molecules

A

phospholipids

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2
Q

fatty acid tails are joined by a __

A

ester linkage

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3
Q

phospholipid heads are ___

A

hydrophilic

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4
Q

phospholipid tails are ___

A

hydrophobic

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5
Q

___ microscope saw a ___ structure; TEM

A

electron, 3

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6
Q

cell membranes are __ ; some things can go through, some can’t

A

selectively-permeable

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7
Q

___ membrane proteins are amphipathic and are firmly bound in the membrane

A

integral

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8
Q

___ membrane proteins are integral proteins that extend completely through the membrane

A

transmembrane

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9
Q

___ membrane proteins that or located completely outside the membrane and are bound to exposed regions of integral proteins

A

peripheral

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10
Q

___ are permeant

A

gases, small polar molecules, hydrophobic/hydrophilic molecules

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11
Q

___ are not permeant

A

big polar molecules, ions/charged molecules, glucose

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12
Q

__ types of transport proteins

A

two

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13
Q

__ proteins change the shape and allow things to move in/out of the cell (bing to solutes)

A

carrier

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14
Q

___ proteins act like a doorway + forms pores in the membrane

A

channel

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15
Q

__ has 3 phosphate groups

A

ATP

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16
Q

__ has 2 phosphate groups

A

ADP

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17
Q

__ allows the transport of water through the plasma membrane

A

aquaporin

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18
Q

__ diffusion doesn’t require energy + __ molecules can cross the membrane using it (moves from high to low)

A

simple

19
Q

__ diffusion requires energy +needs a protein (moves high to low)

A

facilitated

20
Q

__ is how much in a given area

A

concentration

21
Q

__ gradient goes from high (up) to low (down)

A

concentration gradient

22
Q

__ is the goal of diffusion

A

having the same concentration throughout the solution

23
Q

a __ across the membrane is a form of __ energy (creates energy for the mito)

A

gradient; potential

24
Q

selectively permeable membranes only allow __ molecules to pass through their tails

A

hyrdophobic

25
Q

__ is the movement of water from high to low areas of concentration
(moves to the side with the most ions) (simple diffusion of water)
- the pressure is exerted in the side of the membrane containing the higher concentration of solute to prevent the diffusion of water form the side containing the lower concentration

A

osmosis

26
Q

__ solution has NO net movement of water molecules occurring between cell and surrounding fluid (clear indent)

A

isotonic

27
Q

__ solution has solutes that exist outside the cell to be by more ions (lose water and shrink)

A

hypertonic

28
Q

__ solution has a lower concentration of solutes that exist outside the cell (they move inside which lets the cell gain water and swell)(no big dent)

A

hypotonic

29
Q

__ transport is from low to high concentration and requires energy

A

active

30
Q

__ pump uses ATP to pump Na ions
- is a transmembrane/carrier proteins)
- 2k is in, 3 Na is out
- is also an antiporter (poly substances in opposite directions

A

sodium-potassium

31
Q

_ proteins transport one or two solutes
- _- transports 1 substance type/1 direction
- - transports 2 substance types/1 direction
-- transports poly substances/opposite directions

A

carrier
-uniporters
-symporters
-antiporters

32
Q

__ is when vesicles export large molecules by the fusion of a vesicle with the plasma membrane

A

exocytosis

33
Q

__ is when the cell imports materials

A

endocytosis

34
Q

__ is cell eating

A

phagocytosis

35
Q

__ make vesicles

A

membranes

36
Q

__ is cell drinking

A

pinocytosis

37
Q

__ join things together

A

junctions

38
Q

__ are points of attachment that hold cells together at one spot but move independently

A

desmosomes
- somes = protein

39
Q

__ junctions cement cells together but leave a little space for dependent movement

A

adhering

40
Q

_- junctions seal off intercellular spaces between some ANIMAL cells
-connects between cell membranes so tight that they leave NO space
ex; stomach/bladder junctions

A

tight

41
Q

__ junctions allow the transfer of small molecules and ions (ANIMAL CELLS)
- allow communication between cells
- cells control the passage of materials through these junctions by opening/closing channels
- joins 2 cells’ cytoplasms

A

gap

42
Q

__ allows movement between PLANT CELLS
- connections between plant cell walls that are functionally equivalent to gap junctions

A

plasmodesmata

43
Q

when you drop oil in water it forms __

A

vesicles

44
Q

where can we find chloesterol in the cell?

A

in the membrane

Bio II (10 decks)

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