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Bio II > Ch. 3 Macromolecules: Carbohydrates/Lipids > Flashcards

Ch. 3 Macromolecules: Carbohydrates/Lipids Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

__ lack distinct charged regions and are insoluble in water and cluster together

A

hydrocarbons

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2
Q

__ and ___ = hydrophillic

A

polar + ionic

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3
Q

OH =

A

hydroxyl

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4
Q

carbon + oxygen =

A

carbonyl

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5
Q

__ means with a charge

A

ionized

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6
Q

__ are thousands of atoms
- most are polymers

A

macromolecules

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7
Q

1 unit =
many units =

A

monomer; polymers

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8
Q

___ joins two monomers together

A

condensation reaction

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9
Q

__ takes two monomers apart

A

hydrolysis reaction

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10
Q

sugars + starches = __-
- which contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- ___ kind of ratio

A

carbohydrates; 1:2:1 ratio

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11
Q

__ is one sugar unit
__ is two sugar units
__ is many sugar units

A

monosaccharides; disaccharides, polysaccharides

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12
Q

__- determines function

A

structure

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13
Q

two ___ rings joined by a ___ linkage

A

monosaccharides; glycosidic

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14
Q

glucose + glucose = ___

A

maltose

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15
Q

glucose + fructose = __

A

sucrose

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16
Q

glucose + galactose = __

A

lactose

17
Q

three monosaccharides __

A

glucose, fructose, and galactose

18
Q

monomers of carbohydrates __

A

monosaccharides

19
Q

four macromolecules ___

A

proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids

20
Q

common polysaccharides ___
- __ is energy stored in plants
- __ is energy stored in animals
- __ is structural polysaccharides in plants (which they can’t break down)

A

starches, glycogen; cellulose

21
Q

__ are fats that store energy
- are hydrophobic
- high # of hydrocarbons
- hydrophilic
- phospholipids (phosphate group)
- carotenoids: orange pigment
- steroids: cholesterol + some hormones
- waxes: (plants=cuticles; animals=beeswax)

A

lipids

22
Q

monomers of lipids are ___

A

3 fatty acids + glycerol

23
Q

3 fatty acids + glycerol join together through an __

A

ester linkage

24
Q

__ fats have the max number of H per carbons (max is 2)
- should be solid at room temp

A

saturated fats

25
Q

__ are sugars and are made of monosaccharides

A

carbs

26
Q

__ will be liquids at room temp and won’t have two H

A

unsaturated fats

27
Q

multiple double bonds = ___

A

poly unsaturated fats

28
Q

3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol = ___
- is also a series of ester linkages
- mono = 1; di = 2; tri = 3

A

triglyceride

Bio II (10 decks)

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