Ch. 3 Macromolecules: Carbohydrates/Lipids

Question 1

__ lack distinct charged regions and are insoluble in water and cluster together

Answer 1

hydrocarbons

Question 2

__ and ___ = hydrophillic

Answer 2

polar + ionic

Question 3

OH =

Answer 3

hydroxyl

Question 4

carbon + oxygen =

Answer 4

carbonyl

Question 5

__ means with a charge

Answer 5

ionized

Question 6

__ are thousands of atoms
- most are polymers

Answer 6

macromolecules

Question 7

1 unit =
many units =

Answer 7

monomer; polymers

Question 8

___ joins two monomers together

Answer 8

condensation reaction

Question 9

__ takes two monomers apart

Answer 9

hydrolysis reaction

Question 10

sugars + starches = __-
- which contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
- ___ kind of ratio

Answer 10

carbohydrates; 1:2:1 ratio

Question 11

__ is one sugar unit
__ is two sugar units
__ is many sugar units

Answer 11

monosaccharides; disaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 12

__- determines function

Answer 12

structure

Question 13

two ___ rings joined by a ___ linkage

Answer 13

monosaccharides; glycosidic

Question 14

glucose + glucose = ___

Answer 14

maltose

Question 15

glucose + fructose = __

Answer 15

sucrose

Question 16

glucose + galactose = __

Answer 16

lactose

Question 17

three monosaccharides __

Answer 17

glucose, fructose, and galactose

Question 18

monomers of carbohydrates __

Answer 18

monosaccharides

Question 19

four macromolecules ___

Answer 19

proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, lipids

Question 20

common polysaccharides ___
- __ is energy stored in plants
- __ is energy stored in animals
- __ is structural polysaccharides in plants (which they can’t break down)

Answer 20

starches, glycogen; cellulose

Question 21

__ are fats that store energy
- are hydrophobic
- high # of hydrocarbons
- hydrophilic
- phospholipids (phosphate group)
- carotenoids: orange pigment
- steroids: cholesterol + some hormones
- waxes: (plants=cuticles; animals=beeswax)

Answer 21

lipids

Question 22

monomers of lipids are ___

Answer 22

3 fatty acids + glycerol

Question 23

3 fatty acids + glycerol join together through an __

Answer 23

ester linkage

Question 24

__ fats have the max number of H per carbons (max is 2)
- should be solid at room temp

Answer 24

saturated fats

Question 25

__ are sugars and are made of monosaccharides

Answer 25

carbs

Question 26

__ will be liquids at room temp and won't have two H

Answer 26

unsaturated fats

Question 27

multiple double bonds = ___

Answer 27

poly unsaturated fats

Question 28

3 fatty acids + 1 glycerol = ___ - is also a series of ester linkages - mono = 1; di = 2; tri = 3

Answer 28

triglyceride