ch 5 Flashcards
What is an example of a diseases in humans caused by eukaryotes
protozoal disease malaria
protist parasite giardia causes diarrheal illness
why does microbiology include parasites
identification depends on observation of microscopic adult worms or eggs
why does the word protist not a formal taxonomic term
the organisms do not have a shared evolutionary origin
describe algae
photosynthetic organisms that can be unicellular or multicellular
describe protozoa
non photosynthetic, motile, organisms that are always unicellular
what are plankton
microorganisms that drift or float in water, moved by currents
what are zooplankton
motile and non photosynthetic
what are phytoplankton
photosynthetic
what habitats to protozoans inhabit
aquatic and terrestrial, some are free living while others are parasitic in a host
what are trophozoites
beneficial symbionts that provide metabolic services, this is their name during feeding and growth cycle, they feed on small food sources such as bacteria
what can some protozoa develop into after trophozoites
encapsulated cyst stage, when environmental conditions are too harsh, the cyst is a protective wall
what is the process where a trophozoite becomes a cyst
encystment
what is excystment
when cyst are triggered to become active again
What is the life cycle of protozoa eimeria
unsporulated oocyst (non-infectious
sporulated oocyst (infectious)
oocyst enters gut when swallowed
oocyte releases sporocysts
sporozoites invade gut cells
trophozoite
schizogony (asexual reproduction)
schizont
merozoites released from schizont
male and female gametes
syngamy (sexual)
developing oocyst
oocyst shed in feces
how do protozoans reproduce
sexually
asexually
some bothh
how does asexual reproduction occur in protozoans
binary fission, budding or schizogony
what happens in schizogony
the nucleus of a cell divides multiple times before the cell divides into many smaller cells
what is the product of schizogony called
merozoites that are stored in structures known as schizonts
how do protozoan haploid gametes fuse
syngamy
how do protozoans exchange genetic material
conjugation that is different than conjugation in bacteria
what does protist conjugation refer to
a true form of eukaryotic sexual reproduction between two cells of different mating types
where is protist conjugation found
ciliates
what is the plasma membrane in a protozoan called
plasmalemma
what’s a pellicle
bands of proteinic the plasma membrane of some protozoans that adds rigidity