ch 45 sensory functioning Flashcards
adaption
adjustment of living w other living things & environmental conditions
arousal
condition in which the cortical area of the brain receives & responds appropriately to stimuli
auditory
pertaining to hearing
disturbed sensory perceptions
a state in which the individual or group experiences or is at risk for a change in the amt, patter, or interpretation of incoming stimuli
gustatory
pertaining to taste
kinesthesia
awareness of positioning of body parts and body movement
olfactory
pertaining to smell
proprioception
description of the sense, usually at a subconscious level, of the movements and position of the body, especially its limbs, independent of vision
reticular activating system (RAS)
network of neurons in the core of the brainstem, w ascending & descending tracts to other areas of the brain that monitor & regulate incoming sensory stimuli and level of arousal
sensoristasis
arousal state of the reticular activating system; general drive state
sensory deficit
impaired or absent functioning of one or more senses
sensory deprivation
condition resulting from decreased sensory input or input that is monotonous, unpatterned, or meaningless
sensory overload
condition resulting from excessive sensory input to which the brain is unable to meaningfully respond
sensory perception
conscious process of selecting, organizing, & interpreting data from the senses into meaningful info sensory/perceptual alteration disturbance in the body’s ability to receive or process date from its internal or external environment
sensory poverty
condition that results when one learns abt the world w out experiencing it up close, right here, right now
sensory processing disorder
difficulty in the way the brain takes in, organizes, and uses sensory info, causing a person to have problems interacting effectively in the everyday environment
sensory reception
the process of receiving data abt the internal or external environment through the senses
stereognosis
the sense that perceives the solidity of objs, their size, shape, & texture
stimulus
agent, act, or other influence capable of initiating a response by the nervous system
tactile
pertaining to touch
visceral
pertaining to inner organs
visual
pertaining to sight
senses involved in sensory perception
-visual
-auditory
-olfactory
-gustatory (taste)
-tactile (touch)
-stereognosis (three demonsionality, perceiving solid objects)
-kinesthetic (aware of position) and vs visceral
-proprioception (perception or awareness of the position and movement)
sensory perception requirements
-stimulus
-receptor
-nervous pathway to the brain
-functioning brain to receive and translate impulse into a sensation
reticular activating system (RAS)
-arousal mechanism
-extends from hypothalamus to medulla
-monitors and regulates incoming sensory stimuli
-maintains, enhances, or inhibits cortical arousal
optimal arousal state
sensoristasis
concious
-norm consciousness
-somnolence (causing or suggestive of drowsiness)
-confusion
-dementia
-delirium
-minimally-conscious states
-locked in syndrome
unconscious
-asleep, but arousable
-lethargy (a pathological state of sleepiness or deep unresponsiveness and inactivity)
-obtundation (lessened interest in the environment, slowed responses to stimulation, and tends to sleep more than normal with drowsiness in between sleep states)
-stupor (unconsciousness or insensibility)
-coma (deep unconsciousness for prolonged periods)
-vegetative state
presbyopia
a refractive error that makes it hard for middle-aged and older adults to see things up close
presbycusis
gradual loss of hearing in both ears
sedating medications
Narcotics, sedatives, anticonvulsants
ototoxic medications
furosemide, chemotherapy, aspirin and NSAIDs, vancomycin
assessment
-identify who is at-risk for sensory deficits
-assess stimulation, reception, transmission-perception-reaction cascade
-assess for s/s of sensory deprivation or sensory overload
-assess for ability to perform self-care
-perform hearing & vision assessments as ordered, if deficits suspected
diagnosis/problem identification
-acute confusion
-chronic confusion
-disturbed thought process
-impaired mem
-impaired verbal communication
-anxiety
-communication barrier
-ineffective coping
-disorientation
-social isolation
planning
-maintaining optimal sensory functioning and adapting/coping to alterations
implementing
preventing sensory disturbances and stimulating the senses
pantomime
dramatic gestures
