ch 32 hygiene Flashcards
alopecia
hair loss or baldness
caries
cavities of the teeth
cerumen
wax in the external ear canals, consisting of a heavy oil and brown pigment
cheilosis
ulceration of the lips
gingivitis
inflammation of the gingivae or gums
glossitis
inflammation of the tongue
halitosis
offensive breath
pediculosis
infestation w licew
periodontitis
extensive inflammation of the gums and alveolar tissues; synonym for periodontitis
plaque
invisible, destructive, bacterial film that builds up on teeth and eventually leads to the destruction of tooth enamel
stomatitis
inflammation of the oral mucosa
tartar
hard deposit on the teeth near the gum line formed by plaque buildup and dead bacteria
factors affecting personal hygiene
culture
socioeconomic class
spiritual practices
developmental level
health state
personal preferences
during health assessment, you assess what 6 things?
skin
oral care
eyes, ears, & nose
hair
nails & feet
perineal & genital area
physical assessment of skin should be performed at least…
once per shift
what you should be assessing within the oral cavity
lips
buccal mucosa
color and surface of gingiva
teeth
tongue
hard and soft palates
oropharynx
what to look for in the oral cavity
dental caries/damaged teeth
gingivitis
periodontitis
stomatitis
glossitis
cheilosis
dry/pale oral mucosa
oral malignancies
what to look for during eyes, ears, & nose assessment.
-distribution, position/symmetry, and alignment
-presence of cerumen
-tenderness, patency, dryness, edema, bleeding, discharge/secretions
what to look for during hair assessment
-texture, cleanliness, oiliness/dryness
-scaling, lesions, inflammation, or infection
-dandruff, hair loss
-pediculosis
what to look for during nails & feet assessment
-cleanliness & intactness
-capillary refill & contour of nail bed
-swelling, inflammation, lesions/injuries of feet
what to look for during perineal & genital areas
-color, lesions, swelling, inflammation, excoriation, tenderness, discharge
-anal cracks, nodules, distended veins, masses, polyps
-usual/unexpected odors
early morning care
-assist pt w toileting
-wash face & hands
-provide oral care
morning care (AM care)
after breakfast:
-toileting
-oral care
-bathing (special skin treatments)
-hair care and styling
-dressing
-positioning for comfort/skin protection
-refreshing or changing bed linens
afternoon care (PM Care)
-ensuring comfort after lunch
-toileting, handwashing, & oral care
-refreshing/straightening bed linens
-assisting w repositioning/mobility (could be continual process throughout day)
hour of sleep care (HS care)
-before bedtime
-assistance w toileting, handwashing, & oral care
-changing soiled bed linens or clothing
-positioning for comfort/skin protection
-offer relaxation techniques (lotion, back massage)
-safety (call light, personal objs w in reach)
(As needed care = PRN care) clothing & bed linen is changed for…
soiling or for diaphoretic pts
CHG baths
Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is a cleaning product that kills germs. Prevents infections.
mouth swabs
Sponge swabs are meant to moisten the oral cavity, help loosen sticky mucus secretions, food debris and thickened saliva.
describe eye care
-clean from inner to outer canthus
-wet, warm cloth; cotton ball; or compress
-diff surface for each eye to avoid contamination
-use artificial tear solution or NS (norm saline) q4h if blink reflex is absent
-care for eyeglasses, contacts, or artificial eye, if indicated
describe nose care
test for patency (the quality or state of being open or unobstructed) of both nares
remove crusted nasal sections by applying warm, moist compress
electric razors are only for…
high-risk pts
trimming of the nails are not usually allowed due to…
risk of injury/ingrown nails
nails should be…
straight-across, w smooth edges
what are the 4 lotion and moisture barriers options?
barrier spray
barrier cream
protective moisturizing lotion & ointment
emollients (moisturizing treatments applied directly to the skin to soothe and hydrate it)
specific skin care teaching for dx-based topics such as…
dry skin
diabetic foot care
acne
wounds
