ch 4 text Flashcards
bizarre behavior
outlandish appearance, odd manerisms
inappropriate emotions
laughing at the wrong time
who first described schizo
john haslam at londons bethlehem hospital and philippe pinel
who termed shizophrenia
Eugen Bleuler
to mean split mind
postitive symptoms of schizo
distortions that produce excess behaviors like hallucinations, delusions, bizzare behavior, confusion, disorganized speech
negative symptoms of shcizo
diminution of normal function like
apathy, flat emotions, lack of self care, social withdrawl
DSM 5 diagnosis shcizo requirement
shows 2+ symptoms for over a month
delusions, hallucinations, hard to understand speech, unusual behavior, negative symptoms
delusion occurence during episode of bipolar disorder
66%
delusion
misinterpretations of reality
delusion causes (2)
may be a way to make sense of unusual sensory experience
may be to increase importance of ones lifes
what % of delusions have religous themes
20-60%
delusions of persecution
beliefs that the person is being tormented or harassed by someone or something
may lead them to be on gaurd
delusion of reference
misinterpreting sounds or stimuli to have a special meaning to them
delusion of reference example
tv static means aliens are trying to communicate with them
delusions of control
an enemy or foreign entity is controlling a persons thots, feelings, or behavior
delusions of grandeur
believe that they are famous or important
often they think they can save the world or something
white people experience what delusion more than other race
religious delusion/ delusions of grandiosity, persecution, mind reading, and thought withdrawl
illusions
sensory experience is misperceived
hallucination
false perceptions
difficulty discriminating between real and not real
hallucinations role in spiritual practices
like 62% of them bruh
hallucinations in schizo are
more severe and less treatment responsice
what percent of hallucin are adio
47-98
what percent of hallucin are not audio
14-69
auditory hallucinaiton occur in what percent of people with shizo
3/4
auditory hallucinaiton in with shizo associated with
less likely to recover for the next 20 years
visual hallucination occurence in shizo
1/3
somatic hallucinations
feels bizarre sensations withing the body
up to 1/4 feel it
ex bugs crawling on skin
formal thought disorder
disturbances in how thoughts are formed, organized, controlled, reasoned, and processed
thought disorder
speaker cannot maintain a specific train of thought
what percentage of schizo people have thot disorder
80-90%
derailment/ cognitive slippage/ loosening of association
speech makes little sense
neoligisms
new words that only have meaning to the speaker
disordered behavior
makes it difficult to take care of ones self
disordered behavior examples
lip smaking, facial grimace
catatonia
virtually immobile and in a weird body position for hours at a time
anhedonia
inability to enjoy anything
shiczo negative symptoms
social withdrawal, anhedonia, flat affect, alogia, avlition
flat effect
blunted emotionality
minimal eye contact, emotionless face, little tone, drab demeanor, stare ahead
alogia
failure to say much
avolition
sit for hours doing nothing, no motivtion
most common negative emotion
withdrawal
differential diagnosis
other possible sources of symptoms
psychotic disorder due to another medical condition
hallucinations/delusions from other stuff not shiczo
other psychotic disorders
delusional disorder, brief psychotic disorder, shcizophreniform disorder, shizoaffctive disorder
usally more limited in duration than shiczo
delusional disorder
minimal impairment from persistant delusional beliefs
no odd behavior
brief psychotic disorder
sudden episode of intense emotional turmoil, confusion, appearence of postitive schizo disorders
epidsodes are 1 day to 1 month
typically a reaction to a stressor
brief psychotic disorder caused by birth
post partum onset
schizophreniform disorder does not require
impaired social functioning
symptoms present for more than 1 month but less than 6 months
what percent of schizophreniform disorder go to get a full blown dignosis of schizo
1/3
schizoaffective disorder
hallucinations and delusions but also mood disorders stuff durring episodes
when could schizo develop
15-40 typically
prodromal phase
nonspecific symptoms like lack of motivation, withdrawl, difficulty concentrating
active phase
psychotic symptoms occur
residual pahse
psychotic symptoms subside
may resemble the prodromal phase
as people with schizo age, rehospitalization becomes
less often
worldwide, -% of people are affected by schizo
50 million people
prevalence of shiczo is - across cultures, gender, religion, region
stable, the same
culture does effect the - of schizo
prognosis, or outcome basically
the culture will influence what type of hallucinations happen
people form developing countries show - rates of improvement than developed
higher
in the US, what gender is schizo diagnosed earlier in life
men
female schizo symptoms
less severe, premorbid stuff, less negative symptoms, lower cognitive impairment, lower rates of suicide
schizo causes
genetics, trauma, viral infections in the womb, hypoxia
season of birth effect
babies born in winter or early spring are more likely to have schizo bc like infections n stuff
schizo brain ventricels
larger than normal causing grey and white matter to be diminished in brain
but not in every brain tho
schizo brain structures
frontal lobe, thalamus, temporal lobe and parts of limbic system
hypofrontality
diminished frontal lobe volume, neuronal and blood flow activity
hypofrontality linked with
low perfromance on problem solving and working memory
hypofrontality associated with
men and negative symptoms
temporal lobe volume changes correlate with
though disorder
temporal lobe/ auditory cortex abnormal activity associated with
halluncinations
thalamus defects relate to
attention lapses, unable to process info, get overwhelmed by stimuli, get hallucinations and delusions
increased dopamine in the brain of schizos leads to
intense symptoms
blocking dopamine in schizos brain leads to
relieving some symptoms
excessive dopamine may result in
positive sympotoms
not enough dopamine in frontal lobe may result in
negative symptoms
what two socioeconomic status correlates with having schizo
urban setting
being lower class
social drift theory for schizo
symptoms of schizo make them fall to lower class
social causation theory for schizo
chronic psychological and social stressors, social disorganization, and environment associated with urban living and poverty cause schizo
migration status impact on schizo
increases it
expressed emotion
measure of the family environment describing criticism, hostility, and emotional overinvolvment with a person
high expressed emotion leads to - rates of relapse
higher
phenoathaizines
neuroleptic like drug that block specific neurotransmitters
neuroleptic/ antipsychotic
help with positive symptoms a lot, the negative ones not so much
Phenothiazine/ FGA
blocks dopamine receptors in limbic system
antipsychotic symptoms
dry mouth, sun sensitivity, constipation, sleepiness, and others
extrapyramidal symptoms
movement abnormalities like tremors, rigidity, spasms, agitation
parkinsonism
tremors, shuffling, blank facial expression, weakness
affects about 50%
acute dystonia
head, neck, tongue, back, and eye spasms
acute akathisia
need to be constantly moving, constantly restless and agitated
tardive dyskinesia
20-25%
involuntary jerks, tics, and twitches of the face tongue, trunk, and limbs
lips will smack and suck, jaws will grind, and stuff
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
could be fatal
high fever, muscle rigidty, irregular heart rate and BP
atypical antipsycotics
drugs that dont have same side effects as standard neuroleptics
still got crazy side effects tho
mileu programs
resocialize patients with sever mental disorders to help strengthen skills
token economy
reinforcement system for desired behaviors
essentially operant conditioning
family intervention
family is trained to increase awareness of EE and to encourage warmth,
elements of family treatments
reframe problem, focus on communication, focus of present interactions, learn good problem solving, create structure
recovery movement
promotes idea that recovering people can be successful
psychosocial rehabilitation
interventions that strengthen peoples competencies to maintain health, get a job, live in stable housing, and take care of ones self
assertive community treatment
care thru an integrated team thats available 24/7 to help people
