ch 2 Flashcards
abnormal behavior
disturbance that leads to mental distress, behavioral distress, altered functioning
what was mental illness viewed as throughout time
evil spirits, divine punishment
hippocrates
greek, father of physicians,
thot all illnesses had physical causes
greek view on mental disorder
imbalenced humors
(bile=mania)
galen
roman
mental disorders had a physical origin in brain
prescribed diets and like exercise
toasim
unbalnced yin and yang caused mental illness
yin
nuturence, darkness, feminine
yang
masc, power light
middle ages belief on mental illness
back to Christianity making it about demons bruh
mid ages islamic med
hospitals
late mid century belief
striaght up burned these poor people bruh
rene descartes
thot we could learn about human psych by studying animals
johann weyer
1st psaychiatrist, naturalistic view
thot mentla disorders has a bio and mental parts
renaissance treatment of MentDis
kidna like prisonors
isolated them
Phillippe pinel
doc, advocated for human treatment of psych patients,
unchained them and was nice to them
mental hygiene movement
scucess of treating psych patients nice lead to the building of big hospitals, these were understaffed, lead to poor treatement
1800s view of ment dis
purly biological, all pills
genral paresis
syphallic infection of brain that paralyzed victem, thot to be a mental disorder
emil kraplin and eugne bleuler
developed ment dis classification systems
franz anton mesmer
popularized hypnotism for treatment, thot it could realined forces in body
models of abnormality
models of how/why ment dis develop
bio model of abnorm
nervous system controls everything, so its fucked up=abnorm
uses drug to treat
medical model of abnorm
involved symptoms of underlying ilness
syndrome
ment dis symptoms that follow patterns
hindbrain
maintain basic func
medulla
swallowing heartrate sleep etc
midbrain
head/eye/body/limb movements
rewarding stimuli
forebrain
sensation info, hunger, thirst, temp, sex drive, hormones,
cerebrum, cere cortex
abstract thot and langa
acetylcholine
neruotransmistter- moves arms and legs
invovled in learning
norepinephirne
neruo transmitter
increase resp, invovled in sleep, arousal, attention, mood, eating
dopamine
too much means scizo
seratonin and gaba
role in depression
behavioral genetics
genetics, epigenetics, nature, nurture influence behavior
heritability
large role in behav genetics
observable diff in behavior due to genes
adoption studies
studies influcence of genes on behav- do the kids act rmoe like adopted parents or bio?? durnk parents tend to have drunk kids
research domain criteria- RDoC
framework for research on mental disorders
RDoc 6 contructs
neg valence system
pos valnce sys
cog system
social process sys
arousal/regulatory sys
senorimotor sys
neg valence sys
how brain respond to challenge
pos valence
how brianrespond ot reward
social process sys
hoe brain act and comm with ourself and others
cog system
how brain think, rember focus and more
arousal/ reg sys
how neural network is activated
sensorimotor sys
how we develop and control motor func
psychoanalysis/dynamic
behav, esp sexual and agressive influenced by unconscious behavior, dark and fucked up
object relation theory
adult personality is based on interactions bn infant and caregiver
free association
say whatever you wannt
transference
relive emotional reactions that are reenactments of early emo conflicts
how past effects future
interpersonal perspective treatment of ment dis
help ppl develope less extreme way sof relating to others
PDM 2
describe people on a continuum and asses functioning, personality, organization, symptoms and others
behav/learning theorist
specific behav are learned
inlcudes a bio and genetic factor tho
operant theorist
functional relationship bn behavior and environment (reward and punishment)
classical conditioning
association bc stimuli and repsonces
cog behav theorist
behav guided by consequences but also thots and cognition
edward thorndike
thot rewarded behaviors will increase wanted behav and vice versa
skinner
thot its not needed to focus on the unconscious/ mental to udnerstand human behav bc everything is learnt via operant condidioning
in operant condition what do you need to understnsd behav
ONLY what happned before the behavior and after
no thinking
reinforcement
positive consequences follow behavior
punishment
neg consequence
classical conditioning
dog bell saliva food one
behavioral treatment/ therapy can be used for
phobias, substance use, sexual disorders, ADHD
behavioral treatment/ therapy for
decreasing maladaptive behav and increase adaptive ones
cog theory
learning happens bc of conditioning and how we think or process info
albert bandura
observational leanring goat
observational learning
learning by watching other people and the consequences of their actions
observaiton leanring can
incurage or inhibit behav and prompt behavior
self effcacy
belief that one can successfully preform a behavior
overt behavior is based on ones
perception of self effacay (basically confidence)
appraisals
people evaluations of their own behavior and behav of others
attributions
explanations for behaviors and other events
internal attribution
if we see cause of event is smth about ourselves or environment
stable attribution
is the cause enduring or temporary
global attribution
cause is for a specific situation or all encompassing
cog theories help with
maladaptive behaviors by evaluating their thinking process and changing it
beck theory on depression
people often had distorted thots about themselves
can be applied t others
rational emotive therapy
when activating events are followed by neg emotions, the neg emotions are a consequences of how you think and not the action
humanistic theory
opportunity to discover how people restrict themselves bc expectation from others- try to free themsleves from it
humanistic model
no diagnosis, elavs or nothing, jsut viewed as a person
give empathy to the client
msut be genuine
humanistic comprehensive soldier fitness program
builds resilience by training and self developing so they can cop with hard shit
humansitc therapy good for
autism, substance use and evemn physical diseases
humanistic therapist
genuine and try to udnerstand world thru their clients eyes and give strats to build on thier strengths n shit
sociocultural/ecological model emphasizes
external factors
inculdes race gender nationality
sociocultural/ecological model behav influenced by
by intrapersonal, interpersonal organizational, community, and cultural factor
sometimes socialcultural factors are so dominant they cannot
be treated on an individual scale
social causation theory
stress, poverty, racism, bad education, unemployment, social stuff is cause for bad behavior
social drift/selection
higher rates of disorders are found among lower economic classes is disorders casue them to be there
social relativism
abnormality is defined diff in every culture
even when disorders or recognized across cultures the symptoms may
present diff-like scizo
social labeling
mental disorders are just behaviors that are troubling at the time
social labeling makes us think
seriously about labeling behaviors as illnesses
social labeling incomplete bc
1) fails to explain how problematic behaviors start
2) problems worsen if not labled
power of treatment modeling framework is
mental health is how we respond to internal/external challenges
PTMS
no diagnostic system that explain symptoms as rational and understandable responses to environmental events
PTMS question framework
what happened
how did it effect you
what sense did you make of it
what did you do to survive
sociocultural models reflect
preventing abnormal behavior is better than treating it
diathesis stress model
ment disorders are from predisposition to vulnerability to the disorder and a stressor
ever changing environments and and individuals
diathesis
predisposition to the disorder
biosychosocial model
bio, psycho, and social factors play into ment disorder
developmental psychopathy
continuing interactions bn people and situations
how adverse childhoods are linekd to disorders later in life
diathesis-stress model treatments
a combo of techniques to deal with all forms of causation
like both meds and exercise
correlation
measure of one variables relation to the other
correlation studies help
predict abnormal behavior and evaluate why it happens
correlation studys cannat say
why the variables are related, just that they are
double blind study
only director of experiment know, to minimize bias the most
representative sample
group with all levels of important vairables
qualitative research
non number data research, observations
participatory action research PAR
directly working with participants to guid and develop research questions, get data, and analyze data
participants views as co researchers
