Ch. 4 - Developmental Psychology (PART 4)

Question 1

Adolescent Egocentrism

Answer 1

Adolescents overestimate uniqueness of their feelings and experiences. Adolescents are overly sensitive to social evaluation.

Question 2

Formal Operational Thought

Answer 2

Thinking that requires deductive and hypothetical thinking. Used to draw conclusions taking all variables involve in a problem into account

Question 3

Why can adolescents deal with problems requiring formal operational thought better than children?

Answer 3

They have superior systematic thinking

Question 4

Which of these is NOT true about adolescence?
A. Adolescents have more flexible and creative thinking
B. Memory becomes more efficient
C. Increase in abstract reasoning abilities
D. Adolescents understand that their thoughts are likely not unique
E. Attention span becomes longer

Answer 4

D. Adolescents understand that their thoughts are likely not unique

Question 5

Post-formal operational thinking

Answer 5

Allows for new and more complex ways people can reason logically about opposing points of view. People can accept contradictions and unagreeable differences

Question 6

Why is post-formal operational thinking not included in Piaget’s Stage Theory?

Answer 6

Piaget argued that adults do not develop new modes of thinking.

Question 7

Which change in information processing in adults does NOT occur?
A. Decrease in spatial memory
B. Less clear prospective memory
C. More likely to retain information
D. Decrease in reaction time
E. Less likely to remember new information

Answer 7

C. More likely to retain information

Question 8

What happens to crystallized intelligence during adulthood?

Answer 8

Crystallized intelligence peaks in middle adulthood and then declines

Question 9

What happens to fluid intelligence during adulthood?

Answer 9

Begins to decline in early adulthood

Question 10

What happens to wisdom as one ages?

Answer 10

Wisdom increases with age

Question 11

How can adults preserve their mind and body?

Answer 11

“Use it or lose it”. Adults that engage in cognitively stimulating activities help to preserve cognitive activities in late adulthood. Same is true for physical activities.

Question 12

Identity Diffusion

Answer 12

No identity crisis yet; uncommitted to a role

Question 13

Foreclosure

Answer 13

Adopting a role without going through identity crisis (eg. adopting parental values without giving values thought)

Question 14

Moratorium

Answer 14

Current identity crisis (not resolved)

Question 15

Identity Achievement

Answer 15

Gone through an identity crisis (successfully resolved). Emerged with a coherent set of values

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT correlated with conflict between parents and adolescents?
A. Anti-Social Behaviour
B. Low Self-Esteem
C. Misconduct
D. Hopelessness
E. None of the above

Answer 16

E. None of the above

Question 17

Why are adolescents more likely to lie to their parents than children

Answer 17

Peer relations increase in importance in adolescence. Peers can influence a teen’s values/behaviours. Hence, adolescents may lie about behaviours they believe their parents won’t tolerate

Question 18

True or False: Research suggests that midlife crisis is a myth.

Answer 18

True
Happiness and general life satisfaction generally do not decrease throughout adulthood. Dissatisfaction occurs due to environmental factors, financial security, and relationships.

Question 19

What factors impact whether a person chooses to retire voluntarily?

Answer 19

Physical health
Leisure interests
Financial security
Family relationships

Question 20

Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Dying

Answer 20

DABDA
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance