Ch 32 Key Terms

Question 1

adaptive athlete

Answer 1

a person with a physical or intellectual disability who participates in a sport.

Question 2

adaptive equipment

Answer 2

modified sport gear that helps its user overcome a functional impairment.

Question 3

Americans with Disabilities Act

ADA

Answer 3

legislation passed in 1990 designed to prevent discrimination against individuals with disabilities.

Question 4

athetoid cerebral palsy

Answer 4

a form of CP that causes slow, writhing muscle contractions.

Question 5

attention deficit disorder (ADD)

Answer 5

a behavioral syndrome that causes short attention span, impulsive behavior, and restlessness.

Question 6

autonomic dysreflexia (AD)

Answer 6

abnormal function of the nervous system associated with spinal cord injuries; can lead to dangerously high blood pressure.

Question 7

autism spectrum disorders (ASDs)

Answer 7

developmental disabilities that impair communication with others.

Question 8

bi-ski

Answer 8

a sit-ski with two skis attached to the bottom of the device.

Question 9

bucket

Answer 9

the seat of a sit-ski, which may have one or two skis mounted to the base of the seat.

Question 10

cerebral palsy (CP)

Answer 10

a brain injury before, during, or shortly following birth that results in a non-progressive, noncontagious muscular motor disorder.

Question 11

cognitive disability

Answer 11

an impairment of brain function that limits the ability to process information.

Question 12

disability

Answer 12

any condition that impairs normal function or daily activity.

Question 13

Down syndrome (DS)

Answer 13

a genetic disability that causes intellectual impairment and physical anomalies.

Question 14

dyslexia

Answer 14

an impairment of information processing that makes learning new information difficult.

Question 15

dystonic cerebral palsy

Answer 15

a form of CP associated with extreme muscle rigidity.

Question 16

expressive aphasia

Answer 16

the inability to express speech normally.

Question 17

four tracker

Answer 17

a skier with two legs (one or both of which may be a prosthetic) who also uses two outriggers.

Question 18

handicap

Answer 18

any condition that impairs normal physical or intellectual function.

Question 19

impairment

Answer 19

any loss or limitation of physical or intellectual function

Question 20

intellectual disability

Answer 20

any condition that impairs normal information processing.

Question 21

mono-ski

Answer 21

a sit-ski with one ski attached to the bottom of the device.

Question 22

multiple sclerosis (MS)

Answer 22

progressive neurologic syndrome that causes weakness, paralysis of the extremities, and visual deficits.

Question 23

muscular dystrophy (MD)

Answer 23

a syndrome characterized by progressive muscle degeneration.

Question 24

ostomy bag

Answer 24

a bag for collecting urine or feces that attaches to the body with adhesive tape.

Question 25

outriggers

Answer 25

short skis mounted on crutch-type ski poles that provide better balance for a disabled skier.

Question 26

paraplegic

Answer 26

people who do not have use of their legs.

Question 27

prosthetic

Answer 27

an artificial body part that substitutes for a missing human body part.

Question 28

quadriplegic

Answer 28

people who have lost function in all four extremities are called quadriplegics.

Question 29

sit-board

Answer 29

a device in which a bucket used for sitting is attached to a snowboard.

Question 30

sit-ski

Answer 30

a device consisting of two basic components: a “bucket” or seat on which the adaptive athlete sits, and one or two skis attached to the bucket.

Question 31

ski bra

Answer 31

a device that attaches near the tips of each ski to hold the skis apart so the tips cannot cross.

Question 32

sliding board

Answer 32

a flat board, 12 inches by 36 inches, made of smooth wood or plastic, used to transfer someone to or from a wheelchair.

Question 33

spastic cerebral palsy

Answer 33

a form of CP that causes constant, involuntary muscle contractions.

Question 34

spina bifida (SB)

Answer 34

a congenital malformation that results in gaps within the bony spine that expose the spinal cord to injury.

Question 35

spinal cord injury (SCI)

Answer 35

damage to the spinal cord due to trauma.

Question 36

stoma

Answer 36

a surgical port created in the body.

Question 37

tether

Answer 37

a strap (or pair of straps) that is attached to an adaptive skier’s waist or to a sit-ski to guide the skier and prevent excessive speed.

Question 38

three tracker

Answer 38

a skier with one leg who uses one ski and outriggers on both arms.

Question 39

two track skiing

Answer 39

the use of two skis only by an adaptive skier; can include the use of adaptive equipment such as tethers and ski bras.

Question 40

visual impairment

Answer 40

a range of visual disabilities that include legal blindness, partial sightedness, and complete blindness.