Ch 18 Key Terms Flashcards
amputation
the complete or nearly complete separation of a body part or limb.
bandage
a strip or roll of gauze or other material used for wrapping or binding a body part.
burn
a lesion of the skin caused by thermal or frictional heat, chemicals, electricity, or nuclear radiation.
closed injury
damage beneath the skin or a mucous membrane from trauma while the overlying skin remains intact.
compartment syndrome
a condition in which the swelling of injured muscles within their connective tissue coverings causes pressure that can damage tissue and cut off blood flow.
compression dressing
an occlusive dressing that applies some pressure to a bleeding wound; it should not compromise circulation, movement, or sensation distal to the wound.
crush injury
compression injury in which a great amount of force is applied to the body.
dermis
the inner layer of the skin; contains hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, and blood vessels.
dressing
any material (preferably sterile) used for covering and protecting a wound.
ecchymosis
a bruise; discoloration of the skin associated with a closed wound; signifies bleeding within the skin.
epidermis
the outer layer of skin that act as a watertight protective covering.
exsanguination
massive blood loss resulting in death; the process of bleeding to death.
extravascular
outside of a blood vessel.
hematoma
an extravascular collection of blood within the body’s tissues or in a body cavity.
hemorrhage
the escape of blood from the vessels; bleeding.
hemostatic dressing
a surgical gauze/mesh impregnated with a material that stops arterial and venous bleeding in seconds.
impaled object
a foreign object that remains in the body in a puncture wound.
inciscion
cut that has clean, smooth edges.
occlusive dressing
dressing made of Vaseline gauze, aluminum foil, or plastic wrap that prevents air and liquids from entering or exiting a wound.
open injury
an injury in which a break in the skin or a mucous membrane exposes deeper tissue to potential contamination.
pressure dressing
a dressing that closes bleeding blood vessels by compressing the wound.
puncture
a penetrating wound resulting from a sharp, pointed object.
subcutaneous tissue
tissue between the dermis and the fascia overlying the muscle; contains fat, nerves, and blood vessels.
subungual hematoma
a painful extravascular collection of blood under a nail.
tourniquet
an instrument that when tightened around an arm or leg temporarily arrests the flow of blood through a large artery.
universal dressing
sterile, soft, highly absorbent, individually wrapped dressing that provides superior padding and protection for major wounds; usually measures 12 inches by 30 inches; also called trauma dressing.
