Ch 32 Deuterostomes Flashcards
(deu.)
Echinoderms:
How is their body, what system do they use for feeding/ gas exchange, what do they use for locomotion?
What are the 5 classes recognized?
Body: ‘spiny skin’ exoskeleton of calcium plates and spines
- use Water Vascular system
1. Class Crinoidea 4. Class Echinoidea
2. Class Asteroidea 5. Class Holothuroidea
3. Class Ophiuroidea
2 synapomorphies included in the Deuterostomes, and 2 Phylum that are included
Phylum Echinoderms and Chordates
- Synapomorphies: radial, intermediate cleavage. Blastopore becomes anus
Echinoderms:
Which class includes Sea lilies and feather stars
- oral surface is turned up
- suspension feeders with long sticky tube feet
- some are sessile, some are motile
Class Crinoidea
Echinoderms: Which Class
- use tube feet for locomotion
- most are slow-moving predators(of bivalves)
- digest food before ingestion
- what animal
Class Asteroidea
- Sea Stars
Echinoderms: which class
- most diverse class in species diversity
- long slender arms distinct from central disk and use for locomotion
- tube feet lack suckers
- animal name
Class Ophiuroidea
- Brittle Stars
Echinoderms: Which class
- lack arms
- have solid shell (endoskeleton fused)
- herbivorous
- locomotion: tube feet and spines
- what animals are included?
Class Echinoidea
- Sea Urchins and sand dollars
Echinoderms: Which class
- bottom dwellers
- elongated flexible body
- circle of modified tube feet around mouth
- reduced microscopic plates for endosekeleton
> what animal included
Class Holothuroidea
> Sea Cucumbers
5 characteristics of Chordates
- notochord
- dorsal tubular nerve chord
- pharyngeal gill slits
- postanal tail
- endostyle or thyroid gland
What is the Endostyle
ciliated groove on the pharynx that makes mucus to gather food particles
Chordates: Which subphylum are Tunicates included
- how are they as larva and what are they like as adults
Subphylum Urochordata
- like sponges, sessile and filter-feed with endostyle as adults
- as larva, show chordate characteristics and are free-swimming
Chordates: which subphylum are Lancelets included? What is unique about them
Subphylum Cephalochordata
- filter-feeders with notochord that extends who body
- have no heart brain fins or sense organs
5 Vertebrate Characteristics
- vertebral column (backbone)
- cranium (brain case)
- Neural crest cells (determine development structures)
- Living endoskeleton
- Blood with Hemoglobin
Vertebrates: Jawless Fish
Characteristic of them.
What 2 animals are included and how to they feed?
NO jaws or paired fins > limited feeding styles
- Hagfish: lost vertebrae, mostly scavengers
- Lampreys, mostly parasites
Vertebrates: Class Chondrichthyes
- type of fish(___ fishes)
- includes what animals
- 3 characteristics
Cartilaginous Fishes > Sharks, rays, skates
- Jaws
- 2 pairs of fins
- Placoid scales (like teeth)
Vertebrates: Class Chondrichthyes - Reproduction
What type of fertilization?
3 ways of producing young
- internal fertilization
1. Oviparous - lay eggs
2. Ovoviviparous - young inside eggs and incubated in mother
3. Viviparous - young develop in mother’s uterus, nutrients transferred through her blood
Bony Fishes/ Class Actinopterygii
- include what animal
- what 2 groups of lobe-finned fishes
Ray-finned fishes
- Actinistia (coelacanths)
- Dipnoi (lungfish)
What class has more species than other vertebrate groups combined?
Class Actinopterygii
Class Actinopterygii: Ray-finned Fish
- one chacteristic
Lungs modified as swim bladder (air sac for regulating buoyancy)
Which class was previously Considered living fossils linking fish to tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals)
Coelocanths
Which class gave rise to tetrapods?
Lungfish ancestors
Amphibians: Class Amphibia
What are 3 Orders, and what animals are included in each?
Order Urodela: salamanders
Order Anura: Frogs/ toads
Order Apoda: “no feet”
Amphibians: Class Amphibia
3 Characteristics
- most return to water to reproduce
- use moist skin and lungs for gas exchange
- metamorphisis from aquatic larvae with gills to amphibious adults with lungs
