Ch 30/31 Animal: Protostomes

Question 0

what does the Blastopore develop into in the protostomes and Deuterostomes

Answer 0

Protostomes: mouth
Deuterostomes: anus

Question 1

Blastopore is the…

Answer 1

1st opening from embryonic gut to outside

Question 2

What is the coelom, and the 3 types found in animals?

Answer 2

The body cavity

1) acoelomates - no body cavity
2) pseudocoelomates - body cavity isn’t completely lined with mesoderm
3) coelomates - animal with true coelom completely lined with mesoderm

Question 3

What 4 characteristics designate monophyletic groups

Answer 3

• multicellularity
• tissues
• bilateral symmetry
• Protostomes and Deuterostomes development

Question 4

Wheat is adaptation?

Answer 4

Evolution modification that improves an organisms chance of survival and reproduction

Question 5

Marine environments provide…(3)

Answer 5

• stable temperatures
• buoyancy
• readily available food

Question 6

Marine environments Fluid and salt balance is…

Answer 6

More easily maintained than in fresh water or air. Salt water provides a less stressful environment

Question 7

Marine environment adaptations include (3)….

Answer 7

• strong swimming
• attachment to sea floor
• some small and move with water(Plankton)

Question 8

Terrestrial animals:

challenges (3)

Answer 8

• limited water
• much less constant conditions
• no buoyancy

Question 9

Terrestrial animals: Adaptations 3+details of how)

Answer 9

• protection from drying out > impermeable coverings, internal respiratory surface and internal reproduction
• protection of temperature change > insulating coverings, behavior changes(hibernating)
• string support structures (skeleton)

Question 10

Opisthokonts 3 characteristics

Answer 10

• animals, Choanoflagellates, and fungi
• have flagellate cells with single flagellum
• plate-like cristae in mitochondria

Question 11

Choanoflagellates 3 characteristics

Answer 11

• collar of microvilli surround the base of flagellum
• free living or colonial
• Unicellular

Question 12

How are sponges characterized and what does that make them in relation to animals?

Answer 12

Characterized by choanocytes

- sister group to the rest of the animals

Question 13

What are choanocytes and what do they characterize?

Answer 13

Flagellate collar cells similar to Choanoflagellates

- they characterize sponges

Question 14

Sponge Body 3 characteristics

Answer 14

• asymmetric sac with pores for water to enter
• spongocoel (central cavity)
• osculum - opening for water to exit

Question 15

Sponge cells 3 characteristics

Answer 15

• are loosely associated
• dont form true tissue
• lack nerves and muscles

Question 16

How are Cnidaria characterized(3)

Answer 16

• radial symmetry
• 2 layers
• cnidocytes (cells containing stinging threads)

Question 17

Cnidaria gastrovascular cavity…

Answer 17

Single opening that acts as mouth and anus, either digested or spit out

Question 18

Cnidarian brain?

Answer 18

NO Brain, nerve cells for a nondirectional nerve net and sensory cells connect by contractile cells

Question 19

Cnidarian life cycle 4 details

Answer 19

1) sessile Polyp stage, mouth on top
2) free swimming medusa stage(jelly fish)
3) may have sexual and asexual reproduction
- not alteration if generations, only haploid stage is unicellular gametes