Ch 27/32: Seedless Plants Flashcards
Reptiles: Class Reptilia
what animals are included, what animal should be included to make it a monophyletic
- what type of fertilization do they use
dinosaurs turtles lizards snakes alligators. Should include Birds
- reproduction: internal fertilization, protective shell around egg
Terrestrial Vertebrates: Amniotes
- what types of animals are included
- what important land adaptation do they have, define it
- what are the 2 main groups?
- include reptiles birds mammals
- have amniotic egg: with shell and amnion(membrane around embryo
- main groups: Diapsids(reptiles/birds-2 holes in skull) and Synapsid (mammals)
2 Charateristics of Reptile reproduction, and 2 general characteristics
- leathery protective shel
- embryo develops protective membranes including amnion
- Dry skin with scales
- Lungs with many chambers
Birds:
what char. is unique to birds, what does this do for them(all)
- what is an important adaptation for powered flight
Feathers - endotherms (internal generation of heat, high metabolic rate)
Adaptation for flight: “one way” air flow through respiratory system
Mammals: 6 unique characteristics
hair
mammary glands
differentiated teeth
3 middle-ear bones
highly developed nervous system and muscular diaphragm
Endotherms (originated independently from birds)
What type of animals are Monotremes, whats unique about them
Duck-billed platypus and Spiny anteaters
- lay eggs
Marsupials: include what animals
how are they born and go through development
- kangaroos and opossums
- born in embryonic stage
- complete development in mother’s marsupium
Placental Animals: characterized by what for exchange between embryo and mother
Placenta
Which groups belong with the land plants in the “plants in the broad sense?”
Red and Green Algae
Plants: based on the presence of____from____ ______
chloroplasts from Primary endosymbiosis( bounded by 1 inner and 1 outer membrane)
5 Diagnostic Characters of land plants
- multicellular eukaryote
- photosynthesis or nonfunctional chloroplasts
- cell wall made of cellulose
- alternation of generations
- embryo protected within mother plant
Colonization of plants by land require anatomical, physiological, and reproductive adaptations including…(2, what are they and what are they used for)
Cuticle: a way Covering over the aetial outer surfaces of plants
- protects against water loss
Stomata(Stoma): Pores on the aerial outer surfaces of plants
- for gas exchange needed for photosynthesis
Alternation of Generations in plants include a multicellular haploid_____ and a multicellular diploid_____
- what do each produce in what and by meiosis or mitosis?
Multicellular Gametophyte - produces gametes in Gametangia by Mitosis
Multicellular Sporophyte - produces spores in sporangia by meiosis
What are the Gametangia: what are the 2 types and what do they form
structure in which gametes are formed
- Antheridia: produce sperm
- Archegonia: produce eggs
Which group is Nonvascular, has a dominant gametophyte (haploid) generation, and the sporophytes remain permanently attached because they do no develop true roots or leaves
Bryophytes
What types of plants are Bryophytes(3)
Mosses
Liverworts
Hornworts
Club mosses and ferns have dominant _____generation
- have true stems, Most ave true roots and leaves
Sporophyte
What does xylem do
Conducts water and dissolves minerals
Phloem conducts…
Dissolved sugar
Lignin
Second most abundant organic compound n earth( after cellulose)
Gives vascular tissues rigidity (woody/ makes wood hard)
What are the 2 types of leaves found on Club Mosses
Microphylls- small leaves with a single vascular strand
Strobilus: cone like clusters of productive leaves bearing sporangia
