Ch. 3 Drug Forms Flashcards
tablet
a solid drug form that contains an active drug (as a dried powder) plus insert ingredients to provide bulk and ensure a standardized tablet size
scored tablet
indented line running across the tablet so that it can be easily broken into equal pieces to produce an accurate, but reduced, dose.
effervescent tablet
a tablet that dissolves in a glass of water before being swallowed
enteric-coated tablet
tablet that is covered with a special coating that resists stomach acid, but dissolves in the alkaline environment of the small intestine to avoid irritating the stomach
slow-release tablet (extended-release tablet)
manufactured to provide a continuous, sustained release of the drug
CD
controlled delivery
CR
controlled release
ER
extended release
LA
long acting
SR
slow release
XL
extended length
Caplets
coated tablets shaped into the form of an elongated capsule
lozenges
formed from a hardened base of sugar and water containing the drug and flavorings
troche
oblong tablet that has a base of sugar and disintegrates into a paste to release the drug topically in the mouth
(pastille)
Capsules
- a soft-, one-piece gelatin shell with the liquid drug inside.
- a hard shell manufactured in two pieces that fit together and hold the powdered or granular drug inside
film
a thin, dissolvable substance that contains a dse of a drug
ointment
a semisolid emulsion oil and water, the main ingredient being oil.
cream
a semisolid emulsion of oil and water, main ingredient being water
lotion
a suspension of a drug in a water base
Liquid Drug
formation of a solution or a suspension.
described as
aqueous - pertaining to a watery consistency
viscous - pertaining to a non-watery or thick consistency
solution
contains the drug in a liquid base
3 forms:
the drug is dissolved in sterile water or saline.
the drug is dissolved in a liquid base.
the drug is separate from the base but still evenly distributed throughout the solution
Elixirs
solutions that contain the drug in a water and alcohol base with added sugar and flavoring
Syrups
solutions that contain the drug in a thickened water base with added sugar and flavorings, but no alcohol
Tinctures
solutions that contain the drug in a water and alcohol base. never taken by mouth
liquid sprays
solutions that contain the drug in a water or alcohol base
foams
solutions that contain the drug in a water base that is expanded by tiny aerosol bubbles when expelled from the container
mousse
a solution that contains the drug in a thickened alcohol base
emulsions
solutions that contain fat globules dispersed uniformly throughout a water base
gels
solutions that contain fine, undissolved drug particles dispersed uniformly throughout a thickened water base
suspensions
contain fine, undissolved particles of a drug suspended in a water or oil base
always important to shake suspensions well before using them
powder
a finely ground form of a drug. can be found within capsules
suppository
composed of a solid base of glycerin or cocoa butter that contains the drug
transdermal patches
contains drugs and are applied to the skin and the patch release a small amount of drug over a long period of time, usually for 1 to 2 days.
pellet, bead, wafer, and insert
placed within a body space or body cavity, where it slowly releases drug into the surrounding tissues
Gas
when a patient is able to inhale a drug
