Ch. 10/19 Respiratory, Ear, Nose & Throat Drugs

Question 1

Bronchodilator Drugs

Answer 1

relaxes the smooth muscle layer around the bronchioles, allowing them to dilate, which increases air flow to the lungs.
Prevent or treat asthma and bronchospasm, COPD, chronic bronchitis, emphysema.

Question 2

Beta-Agonist Bronchodilator Drugs

Answer 2

stimulate beta2 receptors in the smooth muscle around the bronchioles by mimicking the action that epinephrine has on these same receptors. therapeutic effect causes bronchioles to dilate and increase air flow.
AKA sympathomimetic bronchodilater drugs

Question 3

Beta-Agonist Drug List

Answer 3

albuterol (Proventil HFA, Ventolin HFA)
formoterol (Foradil Aerolizer)
salmeterol (Serebent Diskus)

Question 4

-terol

Answer 4

common generic beta-agonist bronchodilator drugs

Question 5

Xanthine Bronchodilator Drugs

Answer 5

relaxes smooth muscle around the bronchioles (exact mechanism is unknown); also stimulate the respiratory center in the brain

Question 6

Xanthine Drug List

Answer 6

aminophylline

theophylline (Elixophyllin)

Question 7

-phylline

Answer 7

common generic xanthine bronchodilator drugs

Question 8

Antiocholinergic Bronchodilator Drug

Answer 8

block the action of acetylcholine on muscarine receptors in the smooth muscle around the bronchioles. causes bronchioles to relax and dilate.

Question 9

Anticholinergic Drug List

Answer 9

tiotropium (Spiriva)

Question 10

-tropium

Answer 10

common generic antiocholinergic bronchodilator drugs

Question 11

Corticosteroid Drugs

Answer 11

cortisol hormone is produced by the cortex of adrenal glands.
CD mimics the action of natural cortisol and are used to reduce inflammation and edema associated with asthma and other chronic lung disease.
prevent asthma attacks

Question 12

Corticosteroid Drug List

Answer 12

fluticasone (Flovent)
budesonide

combo
Symbicort (formoterol, budesonide)
Advair (fluticasone and selmeterol)

Question 13

• methasone, -metasone

- solide, -solone, -sonide

Answer 13

common generic corticosteroid drugs

Question 14

Leukotriene Formation Inhibitor Drugs

Leukotriene Receptor Blocker Drugs

Answer 14

used to prevent and treat asthma, but are not used for other respiratory disease.
Leukotriene, a substance that is produced by body in response to inhaled antigens.

Question 15

Leukotrient Drug List

Answer 15

montelukast (Singulair)

Question 16

-lukast

Answer 16

common generic leukotriene receptor blocker drugs

Question 17

Expectorant Drugs

Answer 17

used to treat disease of the lungs that produce excessive amounts of mucus. reduces the viscosity or thickness of mucus.

Question 18

Expectorant Drug List

Answer 18

guaifenesin (Humibid, Mucinex, Naldecon, Robitussin)

dextromethorphan

Question 19

Tuberculosis (TB)

Answer 19

caused by the bacterium Myobacterium tuberculosis, a gram-positive bacterium.

Question 20

Tuberculosis Drug List

Answer 20

rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)

streptomycin

Question 21

Nicotine Drugs

Answer 21

provide a gradual withdrawal from nicotine, which diminishes the craving and helps people to successful stop smoking.

Question 22

Nicotine Drug List

Answer 22

Nicorette

Question 23

Nicotine Antagonist Drug

Answer 23

bind to nicotine receptors and block them from being activated by inhaled nicotine

Question 24

Nicotine Antagonist Drug List

Answer 24

varenicline (Chantix)

bupropion (Zyban)

Question 25

asthma

Answer 25

reversible obstructive airway disease

Question 26

Mast Cell Stabilizer Drug

Answer 26

stabilizes cell membranes of mast cells to prevent them from releasing histamine during the immune system’s response to an antigen

cromolyn (Intal)

Question 27

Decongestant Drugs

Answer 27

act as vasoconstrictors to reduce blood flow to mucous membranes in the nose, sinuses, and throat.
stimulate alpha receptors in smooth muscle around the blood vessels.

Question 28

Decongestant Drug List

Answer 28

pseudoephedrine (Dimetapp, Sudafed, Triaminic)

Question 29

-ephedrine, -ephrine, -zoline

Answer 29

common to generic decongestant drugs

Question 30

Antihistamine Drugs

Answer 30

exerts therapeutic effect by blocking the action of histamine at histamine (h1) receptors in the mucous membranes of the nose and throat

Question 31

Antihistamine Drug List

Answer 31

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
fexofenadine (Allegra)
desloratadine (Clarinex)
cetirizine (Zyrtec)
loratadine (Claritin)

Question 32

bronchitis

Answer 32

Inflammation in the bronchial tube/bronchus

Question 33

allergic reaction; histamine

Answer 33

released from mast cells in the nose when antibodies in the tissues combine with inhaled pollen and form an antibody-antigen complex.
histamine causes vasodilation, and the mucous membranes become swollen and red.

Question 34

COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Answer 34

Lung disease characterized by chronic obstruction of lung airflow.
Interferes with normal breathing and not fully reversible.

Question 35

Emphysema

Answer 35

A condition in which air sacs of the kings are damaged and enlarged, causing breathlessness.

Question 36

Antagonist

Answer 36

Muscle whose action counteracts that of anther specified muscle.

Question 37

Agonist

Answer 37

Substance that initiates a physiological response when combined with a receptor.

Question 38

Bronchoconstriction

Answer 38

Construction of the airways in the kings due to tightening of surrounding smooth muscle, with consequent coughing, weeding and shortness of breath

Question 39

MDI

Metered Dose Inhaler

Answer 39

A device that delivers a measured amount of medication as a must the patient can inhale