Ch. 1 Intro and History Flashcards
Pharmacology
study of drugs and their interactions with living organisms and human beings
“study of medicines or drugs”
drug
nonfood chemical substance that affects the mind or body.
medicine
a drug that is deliberately administered for its medicinal value as a preventive, diagnostic or therapeutic agent.
Preventive use
prevent the occurrence of disease
prophylaxis
administration of a preventive drug
Diagnostic use
drugs used by themselves or in conjunction with radiologic procedures and other types of laboratory and medical tests to provide evidence that disease is present.
Therapeutic use
drugs used to control, improve, or cure symptoms, signs, and diseases of a physiologic or psychological nature
Rx
to take.
Latin word “recipere”
belladonna plant
atropine used to dilate pupils
scopolamine used to treat motion sickness
Italian root for beautiful lady
poppy plant
producing the addicting drug opium, which is smoked.
source of illegal drug heroin
legal prescription drug to treat severe pain, morphine.
colchicine
drug used to treat gout
ephedrine
Chinese used to treat respiratory ailments.
present in OTC drugs that dilate the bronchioles to increase air flow in the lungs
daffodil bulbs
galantamine, used to treat Alzheimer’s disease
drugs contain:
soybean oil, sesame seed oil, or olive oil
Thyroid supplement drugs
composed of dried thyroid gland tissue taken from animals
premarin
female hormone replacement used to relieve menopause symptoms
derived from pregnant mares’ urine
lanolin
common ingredient in skin drugs
obtained from purified fat of processed sheeps’ wool.
exenatide (Byetta)
derived from the saliva of the Gila monster
oral antidiabetic drug
Mineral gold (Au)
used in drug auranofin (Riduara) to treat rheumatoid arthritis.
Potassium
given as a drug in conjunction with some diuretic drugs that caused increased excretion of potassium (and water) in urine
prescription drug
those drugs that are not safe to use except under professional medical supervision
legend drugs
drug company and pharmacist add one of two legends (inscriptions) to the drug package and to filled prescription bottle.
over-the-counter OTC drugs
one that can be purchased without a prescription and is generally considered safe for consumers to use if the label’s directions are followed carefully.
schedule drugs / controlled substances
a classification of drugs based on their potential for abuse and dependence (addiction)
Schedule I Drug
- extremely high potential for abuse and addiction
- no currently accepted medical use
- not available under any circumstances, even with a prescription
Schedule II Drug
- high potential for abuse and addiction
- currently accepted medical users
- requires an official prescription form
- severe physical and psychological dependence may result
Schedule III Drug
- less potential for abuse and addiction that Schedule II drugs
- currently accepted medical uses
- moderate physical and psychological dependence may result
Schedule IV Drug
- less potential for abuse and addiction than S III D
- currently accepted medical uses
- limited-to-moderate physical and psychological dependence may result
Schedule V Drug
- limited potential abuse
- currently accepted medical uses
Designer Drugs
drugs created by doing a small molecular modification of an existing illegal Schedule I or Schedule II drug
Orphan Drugs
drug that is specifically developed to treat rare diseases, affecting fewer than 200,000 people
