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A&P 151 > Ch 22: Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Ch 22: Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of the lymphatic system

A

-fluid balance
- lipid absorption
-defense

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2
Q

Definition of fluid balance

A

Drain fluid from tissues to the heart

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3
Q

Definition of Lipid absorption

A

Absorption from using lymphatic system to absorb lipids

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4
Q

Defense of L.S

A

To provide immunity for the body

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5
Q

Peripheral edema

A

Swelling in the tissues causing a blockage

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6
Q

Primary organs

A

-bone marrow
- thymas glands

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7
Q

Secondary organs

A

-tonsils
- lymph nodes
- spleen: left upper quadrant
- appendix: right lower quadrant

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8
Q

Where are lymphocytes found

A

In lymph nodes

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9
Q

Cite of maturation

A
  • B-cells: in red bone marrow
  • T-cells: in thymas gland
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10
Q

Where are T cells and B cells born

A

In red bone marrow

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11
Q

Do pre Tcells move toward thyroid glands?

A

No the thymas gland

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12
Q

3 structures containg valves

A
  • lymphatic vessels
  • heart
  • veins
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13
Q

Where does the jugular trunk drain?

A

From head and neck

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14
Q

Where does the subclavian trunk drain?

A

Drains upper limbs, superficial thoracic wall, and mammory glands

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15
Q

Where does the broncomediastinal trunk drain?

A

Drained from deep thoracic organs and deep thoracic wall

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16
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain?

A

Drains right side of head, right upper limb, right thorax

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17
Q

Where does the left thoracic duct drain?

A

Drains remainder of the body

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18
Q

Where does the right lymphatic duct drain?

A

Drains into the right subclavian vein
-Half side of neck, upper extremities, and right side of chest

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19
Q

Where does the right thoracic duct drain?

A

Drains into the junction of the left internal jugular vein, and left subclavian vein

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20
Q

Positive selection

A

Our body react strongly
-Nonself antigens

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21
Q

Negative selection

A

Doesn’t react strongly to for an antigen

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22
Q

Apoptosis

A

Process programmed cell death occurs

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23
Q

Plasma cell

A

-activated B cells
-Produce antibodies

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24
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Antibodies

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25
Q

What are the five antibodies?

A
  • IgG-passed through placenta, reinfection
    -IgA-shape as a dimer
    -IgM-1st antibody produced in response to antigen, binds to b/ cell
    -IgE-cause degranulation (allergies)
    -IgD-surface of B-lymphocytes
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26
Q

Palatine

A

Tonsils

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27
Q

Pharyngeal

A

Adenoids or throat

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28
Q

Lingual

A

On back tongue

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29
Q

White pulp

A

Lymphatic tissue associated with arteries in the spleen

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30
Q

Red pulp

A

Consist of fibrous Network filled with macrophages red blood cells that connect to veins

31
Q

Spleen

A

Large blood supply

32
Q

Auto immune disease

A

Immunity attacking self antigens
* test question*

33
Q

Self antigens

A

Produced by the body

34
Q

Nonself antigens

A

Not produced by the body

35
Q

Innate or nonspecific resistance

A

Genetically determined body defenses

36
Q

Adaptive or specific immunity

A

Defenses acquired throughout life

37
Q

Specificity

A

Ability to recognize a particular substance thats nonself antigens

38
Q

Surface chemicals

A

Lysozymes in tears and saliva

39
Q

Histamine and kinins

A

Runny eyes and nose

40
Q

Interferons

A

Viral defense

41
Q

Complement

A

Promote inflammation and destroy microbes

42
Q

Prostaglandins and Leukotrienes

A

Promote inflammation

43
Q

Pyrogens

A

Promote fever

44
Q

Cytokines

A

Proteins secreted by cells that bind to receptors

45
Q

Alternative pathway

A

Apart of innate immunity, attracts macrophages

46
Q

Classical pathway

A

Part of adaptive immunity requires antibodies, bound to antigens
-First pathway

47
Q

Cell lysis

A

Holes in bacteria to rupture it

48
Q

Activated complement proteins can

A

-form membrane attack
-Opsonization
-Attract immune system cells to sign of infection

49
Q

Opsonization

A

Complement proteins attached to the surface of bacterial cells that enhance phagocytosis

50
Q

Virus, infected cells

A

Produce interferons, stimulate cells to produce anti-viral proteins that stop viral replication in neighboring cells

51
Q

What immune cells are first to show up at the infected site?

A

Neutrophils-most abundant

52
Q

Macrophages

A

Large phagocytic cells

53
Q

Basophils and mast cells

A

Release products from granules= degranulation

54
Q

Eosinophils

A

Using proteins, called Protorans to punch, holes in bacteria

55
Q

Passive immunity (natural)

A

-produce immunity six months after birth
-Gives antibodies (IgA) to baby from breastmilk

56
Q

Passive immunity (artificial)

A

Antibodies produced by another person, or an animal are injected

57
Q

Active immunity (natural)

A

Antigens are introduced through natural exposure

58
Q

Active immunity (artificial)

A

Antigens are deliberately introduced in a vaccine

59
Q

Active immunity

A

-immunity is provided by the individuals on immune system
-Surface antigens-provides antigens— producing antibodies

60
Q

Passive immunity

A

-Immunity is transferred from another person or an animal

61
Q

Class 1

A

Attracts cytotoxic T-cells (CD8)

62
Q

Class 2

A

Attracts helper T-cells (CD4)

63
Q

What is a plasmid Cell?

A

Activated B-cell that produces antibodies

64
Q

What do helper T cells do?

A

Activate, T cells and B cells

65
Q

What does phagocytosis attack?

A

Foreign cells (C3B)

66
Q

Draw, Y-shaped polypeptide chains

A
67
Q

Primary response

A

Never been sick with specific antibodies

68
Q

Secondary response

A

Have a specific antibodies that body recognizes

69
Q

How many chains is in an antibody?

A

Four chains
-2 heavy
-2 light

70
Q

FAB

A

Fragment, antigen binds

71
Q

What binds to FAB region?

A

Non-self antigen

72
Q

Reactivation of chickenpox causes

A

Shingles

73
Q

Primary cells, origin, cells, site of maturation are

A

Innate and adaptive

74
Q

T cells are

A

Lymphocytes, helper, T cells, attracts MHC class one

A&P 151 (16 decks)

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