Ch. 21 (Diabetes Mellitus) Flashcards
What is diabetes mellitus characterized by?
- hyperglycemia
- abnormal insulin metabolism
Which type of diabetes mellitus is diagnosed before the age of eighteen?
type 1 diabetes
Which type of diabetes is characterized by the absence of insulin due to autoimmune destruction?
type 1 diabetes
usually treated with medicine
What are common symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
- polyuria
- polydipsia
- polyphagia
- ketoacidosis
Which type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by a slow progression of insulin deficiency?
type 2 diabetes
usually ttreated with lifestyle modifications
What type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by glucose levels that are not high enough to reach the criteria for diabetes but are too high to be considered normal?
prediabetes
What type of diabetes mellitus is characterized by glucose intolerance during pregnancy?
gestational diabetes
What is characterized by a cluster of factors that increase the risk of DM and cardiovascular complications?
metabolic syndrome
What is carb. counting based on?
caloric needs
What are the nutrition guidelines for diabetes mellitus?
- limit saturated fats
- increase polysaturated fats (fish)
- increase in fiber
- increase in protein
- limit sodium
sugars can be in the diet but it should be monitored
What is characterized as a build up of ketones (ketonemia) from the severe deficiency of insulin or from physiologic stress?
diabetic ketoacidosis
type 1 DM are more suspectible
What kind of diet consistents of heart-healthy selections that limit saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium?
consistent carbohydrates diet
Which type of diabetes mellitus is becoming more prominent in american youths or older adults due to inactivity and poor dieting?
type 2 diabetes
