Ch 2 Study Guide Flashcards
How many planets are in our galaxy?
Eight planets
What galaxy is the earth part of?
Milky Way galaxy
Where is the Earth’s core?
Center of the earth
Which part of the earth holds most of its mass?
Mantle
What is the atmosphere
A layer of gases that surrounds the earth
What is the lithosphere
The crust and upper mantle
What is the hydrosphere
All water on earth
What is the biosphere
All living things on earth
Explain the theory of continental drift
Started as one continent named Pangaea, techtonic movement forced continents apart
What percentage of earth is covered in ocean water
71%
What are the four oceans
Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian
What do the ocean currents help disperse
Heat
What produced most natural freshwater lakes
Glaciers
How were most salt water lakes created
Changing levels of Earth’s oceans
What is a valley
Low land between hills and mountains
What is a canyon
A narrow and deep valley with steep sides
What is a tectonic plate
Pieces of earths lithosphere
What is groundwater
Water held underground
What is a volcano
A chamber under the ground that holds gases and magma
What is an island
A body of land surrounded by water
What is a peninsula
A body of land surrounded by water on three sides
What is a harbor
A sheltered area of water that is deep enough to dock ships
What is a Mesa
A raised area of land with a flat top
what is subductive movement
One tectonic plate forces another tectonic plate under it
What is a tectonic collision
Two tectonic plates crash into each other
What is an earthquake
Caused when 2 tectonic plates collide and create a tremble in the earth
Where is an earthquake’s focus
Where the tectonic plates collide underground when an earthquake is formed
What is an aftershock
When the place settle after an earthquake
What is a tsunami
A great oceanic wave created by earthquakes and landslides
What are two types of erosion
Mechanical and chemical
Explain what water erosion and abrasion are
Water erosion is when particles are picked up by water and moved to different areas
Abrasion is when water picks up particles and particles have a sandpaper effect on other particles
What is wind erosion
Wind picks up particles and moves them to different areas