Ch 12/13 Study Guide Flashcards
What countries make up the Scandinavian Peninsula
Norway and Sweden
Why is Europe called the Peninsula of Peninsulas
Europe itself is a giant peninsula
What bodies of water surround the Scandinavian Peninsula
Norwegian Sea, North Sea, and the Baltic Sea
What is fjord?
Long narrow inlet of The sea between steep slopes
Steep U-shaped Valleys
Create excellent harbors for docking ships
Where is the Jutland peninsula
Directly across the North Sea from the Scandinavian peninsula
What countries make up the Jutland peninsula
Forms part of Denmark and Germany
What countries make up the Iberian Peninsula
Home to Sparta and Portugal
What bodies of water border the Balkan peninsula
Bordered by Andriatic, Mediterranean, and Aegean Sea
Are the islands of northern or southern Europe larger
Northern Atlantic islands are larger
How do the mountain ranges of Europe affect its climate
Creates unique climates
Example: chilly North winds rarely blow over Alps in Italy, results in mild climate
What percent of European land is suitable for agriculture
33%
What climate do most European countries have
Warm summers and cold winters
Marine West Coast environment
What is the north Atlantic drift
A current of warm water from the tropics that flow straight to Europe’s West Coast
What are the prevailing westerlies
Blow west to east picking up warm air from the coast
How do North Atlantic drift and the prevailing westerly’s affect European climates
Air is taken very far inland and creates a lot of moisture
What is the wind blowing south from northern Europe called
Mistral
What is the wind blowing north from Africa called
Sirocco
What is the land of the midnight sun
Often instead of permafrost-subsoil remains frozen year round
In northern Scandinavia-band of tundra climate
parts of region receive sunlight or darkness for entire days
Because of elevated latitude position
What is a polder
Land from sea
Why were polders created
Dutch needed more land for growing population
How is a polder created
By diking and drainage
What percentage of the Netherlands was once submerged
40%
What is a seawork
A structure used to control the seas impact on human life
What is a terpen
Hi earthen platforms used in seaworks
What is Zuider Zee
A former inlet of the North Sea in the Netherlands
What is Ijsselmair
A freshwater lake separated from the North Sea by a dike and bordered by polders
How many islands make up Venice
120 Islands
Who originally settled Venice
A group of people fleeing invaders
What are the two largest islands of Venice called
San Marco and Rialto
What is the main waterway of Venice called
Grand Canal
In what year did the original settlers move into Greece
2000 BC
Why is Athens significant
Developed the first democracy, all-male citizens were free
What conqueror helped spread Greek culture
Alexander the great
How much longer did the eastern Roman empire last than the Western Roman empire
1000 years
What is nationalism
The believe that people should be loyal to their nation, the people with whom they share land, culture, and history
What is a blitzkrieg
Using massive forces of bombs, tanks, and artillery to surprise the enemy
What is parliament
A representative law making body whose members are elected
What year did the Industrial Revolution spread to the rest of Europe
1800s
What is a euro
European currency
What percent of the parliament of Iceland was made up of women in the 1990s
25%
What percent of Finland’s parliament was made up of women in the 1990s
37%
What kind of economy produces goods the consumers want
Market economy
What is a satellite country
Nations dominated by another country
Which empire ruled parts of eastern Europe
Roman empire
What is one reason why European nations have had trouble making economic progress
Old equipment, lack of raw materials, people were too poor, and Civil War weakened the economy
What religion of the Roman empire introduce
Cathalicism
What is the term used to describe discrimination against Jews
Anti-Semitism
How did the rivers of Europe assist cultural movement
The rivers are used to transport goods and ideas. They also act as passages for ships. They connect Europe and the rest of the world by encouraging trade and travel
What allowed the Mediterranean countries of Europe to advance so quickly
Mild climate=year round movement
Foreign trade and expansion of foreign ideas
Which two Western European countries have had a centuries old rivalry
Germany and France
