Ch 18-19 Flashcards
Why is Africa often called the “Plateau Continent”
A huge plateau covers most of Africa, so Africa is often called the “Plateau Continent”
What part of Pangea was made up of Africa
The southern part of Pangea was made up of Africa
How deep are the basins in Africa
Basins are generally 5,000 feet deep
What is the world’s longest river
The world’s longest river is the Nile River
How are rift valleys created
Rift valleys are created as continental plates are pulled apart
How deep is Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika is 4,700 feet deep
What created most of Africa’s mountains
Volcanoes and earthquakes created most of Africa’s mountains
What types of minerals can be found in Africa
Gold, platinum, chromium, cobalt, copper, phosphates, diamonds, and many other minerals can be found in Africa
What percent of Africa falls between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
90% of Africa falls between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn
How far inland does the Sahara stretch
It stretches 3,000 miles inland from the Atlantic
What is an aquifer
An aquifer is a huge store of water underground
What is desertification
Desertification is the expansion of dry conditions into moist areas that are next to deserts
When was oil discovered in Nigeria
oil was discovered in 1956
How much of Nigeria’s income is made up of oil sales
80-90% of Nigeria’s income is made up of oil sales
How many people were killed in pipeline explosions between 1998 and 2000
2,000 people died in the pipeline explosions between 1998 and 2000
Who became Nigeria’s president in 1999
In 1999, Olusegun Obasanjo became Nigeria’s first president
What countries make up East Africa
East Africa is made up of Burundi, Djibouti Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, and Uganda.
What lead to the downfall of Askum
Groups found other paths and left these trading posts, thus leading to the end of this civilization
What was the Berlin Conference
The Berlin Conference decided that European countries could claim African land if they notified other nations and showed they could control them.
what two factors allowed Menelik II and Ethiopia to avoid colonization
They avoided colonization by skillfully using French and Russian weapons and they knew the land better
What are the two main cultural groups in Africa
The Masai and Kikuyu are the two main cultural groups in Africa
What countries make up North Africa
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, and Tinisia make up North Africa
What is Egypt sometimes referred to as
Egypt if often referred to as “Gift of the Nile”
How many dynasties did Egypt have
Egypt had 30 dynasties
What percent of Tinisia’s parliament is made up by women
20% of Tinisia’s parliament is made up of women
What countries make up west Africa
Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea-bissua, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierre Leone, and Togo make up west Africa
When did Ghana fall
Ghana fell in 800 AD
Up until 1350, how much of the world’s gold came from Sundiata Mali
Until 1350, 2/3 of the world’s gold came from Sudiata Mali
What lead to the fall of Songhai
A Moroccan army invaded Songhai in 1591 and defeated it
What is a stateless society
a stateless society is a society in which people rely on family lineages to govern themselves
Who is King Sunne Ade
King Sunne Ade is a popular musician from Nigeria
What is Bantu
Bantu are a group of people and cultures that speak the Bantu language
Who is Mobuto Sese Suko
Mobuto Sese Suko was the Democratic Republic of Congo’s leader from 1967-1997. He brought the country’s businesses back under government control. He used his army to maintain his own power.
Who is Laurent Kabila
Laurent Kabila was given power in 1997. He brought about the same thing as Mobuto Sese Suko and was assassinated in 2001.
who created Great Zimbabwe
The Shona created the Great Zimbabwe
What is apartheid
Apartheid is the complete separation of races
Who is Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela was a leader in the African National Congress. He was eventually thrown into jail, but was elected in a free election in 1994.
What was the capita income in Botswana in 1966 and 1997
In 1966, the capita income was $69
In 1997, the capita income was $3,900
What type of production is Botswana a leader in
It is a leader in diamond production
