Ch. 18: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Question 1

STD

Answer 1

sexually transmitted disease

Question 2

STI

Answer 2

sexually transmitted infection

Question 3

how is chlamydia in males?

Answer 3

mild pain when peeing, 7-21 days after infection

Question 4

what is important when you have chlamydia?

Answer 4

• culture the discharge

- take note of incubation period

Question 5

asymptomatic cases common in ___

Answer 5

women

Question 6

if left untreated, what can chlamydia do?

Answer 6

untreated can lead to PID, infertility

Question 7

what are antibiotics that can cure chlamydia?

Answer 7

azithromycin & doxycycline

Question 8

what do screening programs for chlamydia achieve?

Answer 8

• detect asymptomatic cases

- reduce infection rates

Question 9

____ stds can be treated using antibiotics vs ____ stds which can’t be treated

Answer 9

bacterial, viral

Question 10

HPV

Answer 10

human papillomavirus

Question 11

HPV causes ____

Answer 11

genital warts (majority of infections are wart-free)

Question 12

HPV increases ___

Answer 12

cervical, head & neck cancer risk

Question 13

___% of American 14-59 year old women get HPV (pre-vaccine era)

Answer 13

43%

Question 14

is there a test for HPV in males?

Answer 14

no (except for anal infection- not covered in STD screening)

Question 15

HPV vaccine=

Answer 15

Gardasil 4 (available for people ages 11-26 years)

Question 16

HPV vaccine protects against types ______ of HPV infections that cause 70% of cervical cancer

Answer 16

types 16 & 18 (9 types in total)

Question 17

genital herpes is caused by ____

Answer 17

herpes simplex virus, type 2 (HSV-2)

Question 18

symptoms of genital herpes

Answer 18

small painful bumps, blisters on genitals

Question 19

does genital herpes have a cure?

Answer 19

nope because it’s a virus

Question 20

what are treatments for herpes?

Answer 20

acyclovir & valacylovir (shorten outbreaks & reduce reoccurrences)

Question 21

long-term consequences of having genial herpes

Answer 21

• increases risk of HIV infection

- transfer from mother to child during birth

Question 22

how long to outbreaks of genital herpes last?

Answer 22

outbreaks last 7-10 days (shorter with anti-viral drugs) & may not return for months or years

Question 23

AIDS

Answer 23

acquired immune deficiency

Question 24

HIV

Answer 24

human immuno deficiency virus (HIV 1 or 2)

Question 25

HIV can be transmitted by ___

Answer 25

semen, blood, vaginal/cervical secretions, saliva is unlikely

Question 26

HIV invades & destroys ___

Answer 26

lymphocytes (T cells needed for immune function)

Question 27

HIV can be diagnosed by ___

Answer 27

ELISA (blood test for antibodies)– accurate 30 days after infection

Question 28

AZT

Answer 28

anti-retroviral treatment (for HIV)

Question 29

PrEP

Answer 29

pre-exposure prophylaxis (uninfected person takes anti-retroviral drugs to prevent becoming infected)

Question 30

gonorrhea is caused by ____

Answer 30

Gonococcus bacteria

Question 31

gonorrhea in males

Answer 31

painful intercourse, peeing, discharge, 2-5 days after infection

Question 32

gonorrhea in females

Answer 32

cervical infection, 80% of females are asymptomatic

Question 33

gonorrhea is diagnosed by ___

Answer 33

culturing discharge

Question 34

cure for gonorrhea

Answer 34

antibiotic ceftriaxone & azithromycin

Question 35

consequences of untreated gonorrhea

Answer 35

• spread to other reproductive organs

- in females: infected fallopian tubes, infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 36

syphilis bacteria

Answer 36

treponema pallidum (spirochete)

Question 37

symptoms of syphilis

Answer 37

chancre, 3 weeks after infection, painless (can lead to death, insanity and paralysis)

Question 38

treatment for syphilis

Answer 38

drug: wassermann